A few secrets on how to make roof gutters in your home with your own hands

A drain is a structure designed to drain melt and storm water from the roof, which is necessary to protect the building from rotting, corrosion, and any mechanical damage. Today, hardware stores are simply overflowing with various materials for constructing a drain for every taste, but some owners do not want to overpay for a structure that they can make with their own hands.

Option for a mounted galvanized roof drain

It turns out that making a drainage system with your own hands is not so difficult; besides, it looks quite original when constructed correctly.

The drain performs several functions at once:

1. Protective. The gutter ensures the removal of wastewater from the foundation and walls of the building, which is the main task of roof drainage. If it is absent, the base of the building will collapse within ten or even five years, depending on the amount of precipitation and the depth of the foundation. In addition to the base of the building, its foundation will also suffer, as it will erode, causing cracks to appear on the walls of the building.
2. Decoration. The decorative function can only be performed by a gutter that was made by hand, and not purchased at a hardware store.

   
   Several options for decorating roof gutters

   Read also:  Features of finishing the internal and external corners of a log house
3. Collection of storm water from the roof of a building. Since rainwater is very suitable for watering various plants in the country, many summer residents drain stormwater using a pipe into a specially adapted barrel.

Purpose and functions of drainpipes

An external drain is a structure made of open gutters that collects water from the roof and discharges it into vertical drain pipes. In places where the system ends, liquid collection vessels are installed or storm drains are equipped.

Main functions of gutters:

• Protective . Drains water from the base and walls of the house.
• Cumulative . Stormwater can be collected in a container for irrigation.
• Decorative . A homemade beautiful drain will decorate a gazebo or cottage.

Industrial drains are made of galvanized steel and special plastic. Their cost is high. Plus elbows, corners, funnels, plugs, the price will increase several times. Finished products have one advantage - they are assembled like a construction set. Knowing how to install gutters if the roof is already covered with roofing can save a lot of money. Homemade drains are made from scrap materials, and their service life does not differ from ready-made structures.

On a note! If you approach the matter correctly, select the material and components, then a self-made drainage system can replace the main drainage system.

Craft options for home

There are many types of things that will decorate your apartment. Some will bring a certain brightness and style to the house, because such things cannot be bought in a store, and, therefore, no one you know has them.

Boxes and caskets

This item is always irreplaceable, because everyone has small parts that can be easily lost. Such boxes are perfect for handicrafts, for storing medicines, for storing important papers, jar lids and much more.

Vases

The most common bottle craft. After all, you can do nothing with the container and get a vase right away. But if you use your imagination and spend a little time, you will get an unrealistically beautiful masterpiece. You can cut out various contours on it or prepare some elements in advance with which to decorate the vase. These elements are also made from plastic containers, for example, flowers, animal faces, leaves, etc.

Flower pots

In stores, flower pots are not cheap at all, so it is better to make them yourself from bottles that would be thrown away anyway. You can decorate it to suit your taste and any style. Flowerpots in the shape of faces of various animals or flowerpots decorated with paintings in the shape of flowers or trees look very stylish.

Materials used for homemade drains

To make a drainage system for a shed or a country cottage, you can use simple materials that you have on hand.

Drainage protects the building from the destructive effects of moisture Source diy.obi.ru

To make a drainage system you can use:

• galvanized steel;
• sewer pipes;
• PVC;
• tree;
• plastic bottles.

It is more convenient to make a tin drain using a bending machine. Cut galvanized steel sheets with allowance for seams. Bend the edges to join. Roll out the parts, make seams by hand, or use a seaming machine. Narrow the pipe at one end and install a riser.

PVC pipes are easier to assemble. The joints are connected as in a sewer system. For the gutter, the whole part is divided into several identical parts. You can give the riser the desired configuration using shaped elements.

A plastic spillway is a budget and simplest option. Connect 1.5-2 liter bottles into a pipeline of the required length, first cutting off the bottom and neck. Seal with sealant. For the gutter, make trays, fasten them with wire or a stapler through the holes made with an awl.

Do-it-yourself drainage installation from scrap materials Source onduline.ru

A wooden drain is mounted from boards that are attached at an angle of 90 degrees. They are connected with an overlap into the gutter so that water does not flow through the holes. The bottom is covered with construction film. Installed on brackets with a slope. The water drainage pipe can be made of PVC, tin corner, or wood. For wastewater, make a ditch at a distance of 150 cm from the wall and fill it with broken bricks and crushed stone.

Attention! It is necessary to give the gutter a slope of at least 2 mm per 100 mm and cover the joints, treat the wood with a special agent that prevents rotting. Such a drainage system will serve the home owner for a long time.

A homemade drain for a cottage is a good option used when installing storm drains. Gutters can turn out not just beautiful, but also original. Any imagination can be realized when creating a design for reliable protection of households from wastewater.

Installation of drainage from pitched roofs

A building that is not provided with high-quality drainage during construction will, in a very short time, acquire a rather unpresentable appearance under the influence of precipitation. And most importantly, the general condition of the structure will also be negatively affected, which is why mold and an unpleasant odor may appear in many places.

A drain is needed to prevent water from accumulating on the roof and falling on the walls and foundation

And if this problem is not approached with all seriousness, the following problems will arise that will require constant financial expenses:

• high humidity will cause weakening and gradual destruction of the foundation and base of the house;
• undiverted water will penetrate into the basement and constantly fill it;
• mold and high humidity will affect the health of residents;
• the noise from flowing water will interfere with a comfortable rest.

The drainage system is used everywhere to remove precipitation from the surface of roofs: flowing water from the roof enters a special gutter and then flows through drainpipes to the ground away from the building. The purpose of the gutter is precisely to collect water from the roof surface. The drainpipe provides water drainage to a specially designated place. But to install a drain, you will need not only a pipeline and a gutter, but also elbows, clamps, fasteners and other elements.

The drain consists of horizontal gutters and vertical pipes

Gutter system configurations: closed and open

The type of roof determines the design of the drainage system. For example, for a house in a suburban area that has an ordinary gable roof with a straight eaves, a simple system with two gutters and a small number of drainpipes is best suited.

But when the roof slopes have a complex configuration, the design of the drainage system becomes more complicated. In this case, to ensure the aesthetic appearance of the building, you have to resort to various tricks to ensure reliable drainage.

Closed drainage system

A closed drain is installed if the house has a hip roof. The gutters are of a single design located along the perimeter of the slopes and do not have any plugs. It is worth paying attention to the fact that water drainage from a hip roof occurs in all directions, so drainpipes are best placed in the corners of the house.

Calculation of drainpipes in a closed system is carried out taking into account the entire roof area with values ​​rounded up.

The choice of gutter type depends on the shape and configuration of the roof

Open drainage system

An ordinary roof with two slopes will have its own gutter with drainpipes for each slope, which means the presence of two open systems.

Drainage pipes in open systems must be installed at the corners of the building and exactly in the center of the wall.

Drainage system for pitched roofs

The simplest drainage design has a pitched roof. Sediment will flow from it in one direction, so it will not be difficult to collect it.

A pitched roof gutter consists of a small line of gutters and a downspout

In houses with only one floor, a fairly common solution is to use a rain chain instead of pipes, which is less noticeable.

The chain as a drain has become very popular on the Japanese islands, as it is also an element of facade decoration. It is often made from copper. Alas, currently manufacturers of drainage system elements for the Russian market do not produce decorative elements for drainage chains.

But if you want to make such a system yourself, be sure to comply with the following requirements:

1. The chain must be tensioned to prevent it from oscillating from side to side, for which purpose the lower end must be secured in any possible way.
2. To avoid water getting on the finishing materials of the building, the chain must be installed at a distance of at least 0.5 meters from the wall.

The implementation of such an idea is quite simple, the main thing is to have the desire.

The drainage chain is an excellent decorative element of the building facade

Drainage system for gable roofs

A standard gable roof has gutters that are located at the corners of the house. This arrangement is most appropriate from both an aesthetic and a technical point of view.

The installation location of gutters is directly influenced by the roof structure.

The location of the drains must be selected based on the roof plan. The installation must ensure the aesthetics and reliability of the drain, but the priority is still reliability. The length of the drain pipes is determined taking into account the distance from the gutter to the drain point (plinth area or sewer well).

The installation location of the drain pipe is also determined by the length of the roof slopes. With a length of less than 12 meters, the pipe can be located at any point on the wall, except in cases where there is a window, balcony or bay window nearby. With a length of more than 12 meters - near the center of the cornice. The main thing is that there should be no more than 24 meters between the pipes.

On gable roofs with small slopes, drainpipes can be installed in any convenient places

Gutters on roofs of complex shapes

It is difficult to design drainage for a multi-slope roof, since each slope requires its own drainage system. It is these difficulties that will be discussed in detail.

The influence of the number of slopes on the design of the drainage system

In the case where the roof has a large number of slopes, and the drainage system is built at minimal cost, a large volume of water entering the gutter sharply reduces its flow rate due to the insufficient volume of the gutter itself. This causes a large load on the system design and leads to rapid freezing of water at subzero temperatures. Therefore, when designing a drainage system, it is imperative to take into account the increase in load associated with a large area of ​​​​roof slopes.

Superstructures and hatches

The next difficulty is to ensure drainage on towers or balconies, since it is in these places that moisture is most likely to penetrate into the structure and freeze. That is why building minimalism is currently fashionable.

Ensuring drainage from the tower is a non-trivial task, since it is necessary to install a gutter in the form of a circle. It is almost impossible to make a metal gutter of the required diameter by bending a single piece of material. Such a gutter is made from small segments soldered together and painted in the color of the roof to hide the junctions of the segments.

And for a roof window and skylight, a gutter is not required. The main thing is to know the direction of water flow and the place of its accumulation. In the case of lucarnes, a gutter is installed only when it has a large area and multidirectional slopes.

It is not necessary to install a drain to drain water from the hatch

Video: DIY drainage system installation

Drainage design for a private house

The drainage system consists of different functional elements, each of which serves its purpose.

Drainage design for a cottage or household Source krasivydom.info

To understand how to make a roof drain in a private house, you need to know what parts it consists of :

1. A gutter is a semicircular pipe mounted along the roof of a building. It is used to collect wastewater and is installed at an angle to the drain funnels.
2. Couplings - used to connect corner and long gutter parts.
3. A funnel for receiving water is mounted on a gutter for discharging waste into the drain pipe. A grill is installed in the funnel to protect it from debris.
4. The drain is installed vertically to the gutter and collects water coming from the funnel. It must reach the sewer system and end with a hole for the waste to exit.
5. The elbow or outlet has a bend so that there is a small distance between the flowing water and the building.
6. Clamps or brackets hold the east pipe and gutter in place.

Attention! Components are selected and calculated individually, taking into account the size of the roof and climate conditions.

Types of structures

In multi-storey buildings and structures with flat roofs, internal drainage is installed. The liquid is collected in a funnel from the roof surface and enters a riser located in non-residential premises, staircases or corridors. At the lowest point, the system is connected to the city storm sewer through a closed outlet running underground. Water flows from utility networks to nearby reservoirs.

In private low-rise construction, an external drain is used, where the system is located outside the building. Pipes, gutters and funnels are attached to external walls. Such structures are easy to maintain and repair. From the pipes of external drains, liquid is discharged through open outlets, which are above-ground concrete gutters or grooves along the perimeter of the blind area. They are closed on top with protective grilles. Read more in the article storm drainage for a private house, where we examined all the options in detail.

Rules for installing a drainage system

Not only a professional can perform a high-quality drain installation. Understanding how to make a drain and following some recommendations, you can do the work yourself:

• The heavier the pipe, the closer the hooks should be located . Plugs, hooks and drain funnels are installed in advance, before installing the gutter. When arranging drainage for the roof of a house, it is better to use gutters made of copper; they are the most durable. The only drawback is the high cost. For a small country house you should not use expensive components.

Features of installing a house drainage system Source peredelka.tv

• The method of connecting the pipes depends on what the gutter is made of . For PVC products, cold welding is used.
• Steel gutters are cut with a metal cutting tool . A hacksaw is the most practical option.
• The gutter and additional parts are assembled on the ground before installation . The installation of drainage systems should be carried out by several people to help secure the structure to the roof.

On a note! When designing a drainage system for a building with your own hands, take into account the diameter of the pipes and gutters, the location of the water intake and drainage elements, and the amount of materials.

Options for crafts for the cottage and garden

The worst kind of garbage is plastic bottles, because getting rid of them is quite problematic. If you place a bottle in a trash can, it will take up all the space, and it will not be very convenient to use it further. Many people in their dachas have absolutely no designated places for garbage, so there are only two options left - either take all the garbage home, or make various decorations out of it.

You can diversify your territory at the dacha with various crafts made from this material. You can use them to make various flowers and plants, bird and animal feeders, curtains, flower pots, vases, garden furniture, hanging gardens, garlands and much more. Such elements will help make the garden and home a little brighter and add some zest.

Fence and flower beds

Using bottles, you can separate some beds and flower beds from each other, and it will look very stylish, and due to the divided space it will become much more convenient to water and care for plants. And most importantly: rain will never wash away such a flowerbed or bed.

Various plants and flowers

On the site you can build a tree or just flowers, which will be the same color in winter and summer. Such crafts will delight the human eye, and such trees can also be made musical. For example, you can make a palm tree or a willow, the main thing is that the tree can have branches hanging down, on which you should attach bells, shells, various pieces of glass, and when the wind develops the branches of the tree, various beautiful sounds will come out, it’s like “wind music.”

Heroes of children's fairy tales

Such crafts will be useful for those who have children, because children can set up a small clearing with fairy-tale characters where they can play and frolic. You can plant small birds on trees, and also make them musical. It is worth remembering that such crafts will help drive away birds that spoil vegetables and fruits, and serve as a garden scarecrow.

Lamps and floor lamps

This is a very good way to waste plastic containers. At the dacha you always need outdoor lighting so that you can go out into the garden late in the evening and not feel like a mole. Not everyone has lanterns, so a good way is to make lamps, but in order not to damage the wires, and to prevent short circuits due to rain, it is better to make a floor lamp from plastic, because it will not allow moisture to pass through. The most important? Do not attach it too close to the light bulb.

Flower pots

Making them is very simple: cut off the bottom of the container and place soil in it, in which the plant will be planted. Pots can be in the shape of animal faces, ships and much more. If the pot will be used outdoors, then it is worth using waterproof paint for painting; estates and country houses are often painted with it.

Drainage from plastic sewer pipes

You can make drainage with your own hands from different materials. The most popular option is plastic sewer pipes. This material has a number of advantages :

• relatively low cost;
• a large selection of adapters and pipes, various parts for fastening;
• the ability to cut pipes yourself;
• light weight, which facilitates transportation and installation;
• long service life.

The positive characteristics of plastic sewer pipes attract many owners of private houses and country cottages and dachas. The main condition is to properly design the drainage system.

Installation of a drainage system from sewer pipes Source fasad150.ru

See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in sewerage, water supply and drainage systems

When considering the question of how to make a roof drain with your own hands from plastic pipes, you should not forget about preliminary calculations. To determine the size of the gutter taking into account the expected rain flows, you need to calculate the effective parameters of the roof. If such calculations cause some difficulties, average values ​​can be used. To do this, you need to prepare the following components of the drainage structure :

• PVC pipe 50 mm for the drainage system;
• cylindrical product 100-110 mm for gutters;
• adapters for connecting the listed parts - outlet diameter 50 mm, inlet diameter 110 mm.

For plastic sewer pipes, you will need to split them into several pieces of equal size. You can cut the product using a hand saw, electric jigsaw or grinder. The last option is preferable, but a number of features of the work must be taken into account.

On a note! When cutting a pipe with a grinder, the plastic will stick to the casing, you need to remove the protection. It is better to use a special mask. Or purchase a disc for working with PVC products. To connect tees and gutters, the pipes do not need to be opened completely: leave 150 mm at the edges.

Using plastic bottles to install drains

Materials and accessories

To make a plastic water drainage system you will need a minimum of materials and tools:

• Carefully selected plastic bottles in the right quantity, and even a little more;
• A furniture or large stationery stapler for connecting parts together with a sufficient number of staples;
• Scissors and a sharp knife to separate the necessary parts from the bottle;
• Thin wire for attaching the structure to the roof;
• An awl or burner for making holes in plastic parts;
• Drill (may be needed to drill holes in the roof material).

As you can see, the tools are simple and can be found in almost everyone’s home. You can, of course, also use a sealant for greater reliability when fastening drainage parts, but, as practice shows, this is not necessary, since this will not extend the service life, and investing in temporary amenities is not rational.

Installation of drainage from plastic bottles: step-by-step diagram

So, let's start assembling our drain:

• We took measurements at the very beginning, now it is necessary to draw an approximate diagram of the drain, determine the angle of inclination of the gutter;
• When the drawing is ready, we begin to prepare the material for installation: we wash the bottles in warm (not hot!) water, carefully scrape off all labels and glue residues so that our design looks neat. To quickly remove stickers, it is recommended to soak the bottles in warm water with a little water beforehand. amount of soap, then the cleaning process will go faster;
• We cut off the neck and bottom of the bottles, leaving a flat middle part, similar to a cylinder;
• Next, we cut the cylinder exactly in half, in the end you should end up with two “troughs”. These are ready-made parts that serve as elements of the drainage system;
• The resulting parts are overlapped with each other using a stapler. You can build a fastening with wire, and cover the holes with plasticine or cover it with another viscous mass;
• Once the required length of the gutter is ready, you can attach it to the roof. To do this, use a drill to make holes in its surface at equal distances. Next, you need to make holes in the gutter, calculating so that they coincide with the holes drilled in the roof. The holder is a wire, and we use it to hold everything together.
• Now it's time for drainage. We cut off the neck of the bottle, and cut out a hole in the side so that the end of the structure lying on the roof can fit into it. Thus, we get the angle of inclination of the drainage system, which we mentioned at the very beginning and drew in the drawing;
• Next, cut off both the neck and bottom of the required number of bottles, and insert the resulting cylinders into one another. It is worth noting that they are fixed quite reliably, but we will still go through the overlaps with a stapler.

So, the installation is ready.

Advantages of a plastic drainage system

The advantages of the system manufactured by us are:

• Low cost. This is one of the obvious advantages, because the materials required for drainage do not need to be bought in a store, except perhaps a stapler, and even that has long been in the arsenal of any business owner;
• Despite its unreliable appearance, the drain may well serve you for a whole year, having experienced all natural disasters, such as temperature changes, for example;
• In addition, the ice in plastic gutters begins to melt at the slightest thaw, which is not typical for metal drainage systems;
• The lightness, almost weightlessness of the drain should also be considered an advantage, because a metal pipe falling on your head will cause significant damage to your health, which will not happen in the case of a plastic structure;
• In the summer, it is possible to lead the drain pipe into some container to collect rainwater, which is so useful for watering plants and crops in the garden. Both useful and economical!
• A drain made of plastic bottles can easily be made into an entire architectural composition that will fit perfectly into the design of a personal plot.

Disadvantages of plastic products

A drain made from plastic bottles is, of course, not ideal:

• The appearance of such a product will not suit a permanent structure: a house, a mansion or a country cottage;
• Another significant drawback is fragility, since the service life is no more than one year;
• The lightness of the design, which we considered an advantage, is also a disadvantage, since during a hurricane or simply a strong wind, the gutter can be torn off the roof and carried away in an unknown direction, which is still more difficult to do with its metal counterpart.

Drainage system made from plastic containers

The simplest and most budget-friendly option for making a roof drain with your own hands from scrap materials is straight-shaped plastic 1.5 liter bottles. It is easy to accumulate the required amount of material. You will also need brackets and wire.

Drainage from plastic containers can be installed quickly and is inexpensive Source yandex.net

For work you will need the following materials and tools:

• stapler for furniture and staples 10-10 mm;
• screwdriver or drill;
• construction and installation knife;
• wire;
• thin drill;
• plastic containers.

Detailed instructions on how to make drainage systems from plastic containers :

1. Determine the length of the drainage system. For convenience, you can design a drain. The main part of the container is 15-20 cm. Such bottles are not suitable for structures longer than 5 meters.
2. Clear containers of labels and stickers.
3. Cut off the throat and bottom. For the gutter, cut the bottle into two parts.
4. The gutter is mounted in plastic containers using a furniture stapler. The container is joined with an overlap of 150 mm and secured with 2-3 brackets. With a rotating system, the bottoms serve as plugs.
5. The gutter is attached to the roof. Drill holes in the lid at a distance of 20 cm. Make holes in the gutter with an awl. Thread a wire through them to secure the drain to the roof.
6. Drainage is also made from plastic containers. Cut off the throat of one, and make cylinders from the others. A container without a neck is an adapter in which a hole is made for attaching the gutter.

Ready drainage system from plastic containers Source legkovmeste.ru

Preparation

First of all, you need to take measurements from the roof to find out how many bottles will have to be used.

Advice! To carry out calculations, it is worth assuming that the “working part” of the bottle, taking into account the required overlap, is approximately 20 cm. Therefore, to calculate the required number of elements, you need to divide the length of the curtain rods by 20.

Which container is suitable?

To make a roof drainage system, you can use containers with a capacity of 1.5 and 2 liters. Basic requirements for the “material”:

• the container must be the same size and shape;
• these should be smooth, cylindrical bottles without recesses or relief patterns (the presence of relief creates hydraulic resistance and contributes to rapid clogging of the drainage system);
• the color of the container is not an important point, however, drainage systems made from dark bottles look more beautiful, since all the dirt that flows from the roof is visible in the transparent drainage. You can, of course, use multi-colored containers; this will not affect the quality of drainage, but such a drainage system will not decorate the house;
• Labels from bottles must first be removed, since if this is not done in advance, then soon the paper will begin to lag behind and hang in ugly rags.

Drainage system made of polyethylene and wood

The starting material for this design is a thin board, the length of which is equal to 2 perimeters of the roof overhang. Then you can proceed to the manufacture of the drainage system.

Instructions on how to make a gutter for a drain with your own hands from wood :

1. Connect the boards in pairs at an angle of 90 degrees using nails. Make gutters that match the length of the walls of the building (connect the parts with an overlap).
2. Make fasteners for installing the gutter using wire rod or boards. The best option is not wire - but a piece of lumber. For them, you will need to cut out the triangular grooves necessary to fix the gutter.
3. Install brackets at the corners of the wall and secure with nails . Install narrow channels to drain drains from the roof of a private household, ensuring that their edges are overlapped.
4. Adjust the gutter - tilt it and lay down a polyethylene film, securing it with nails, tape or buttons.

Arrangement of a wooden drainage system Source krysha-expert.ru
A wooden gutter is suitable for drainage. The length of the structure should be 250 cm. The purpose of installing a drainage system is to discharge wastewater into a drain or ditch 0.3 meters deep. Be sure to fill it with crushed stone or crushed brick.

Attention! When digging a ditch, an appropriate slope is made, due to which precipitation is diverted from the surface of the wall of a private household to a distance of at least 150 cm.

A drainage system for a wooden cottage will last a long time if you use a silicone sealant rather than polyethylene for reliable sealing. Before this, the wood is treated with a preservative.

Several simple ways to organize watering

Several options for drip irrigation through bottles have been developed, which are successfully used in practice. All of them work quite effectively and allow you to forget about the problem of plant moisture for 2-3 days.

Underground root irrigation

To organize watering using this method, you will need a plastic container with a volume of 1.5–2 liters. You need to make several holes in it with an awl or a gypsy needle at a distance of 3–4 cm from the bottom. The number of holes depends on the type of soil, for example, for sandy soil two will be enough, but for loamy soil you will have to make at least four holes. To water moisture-loving plants, small holes are pierced across the entire surface of the bottle.

Dig the container between the plants upside down to a depth of approximately 10–12 cm, with the neck remaining above the ground. Pour water through it using a watering can and screw on the lid, in which you have previously made a hole for air to escape.

This is how plants are watered

Another option is to bury the bottle in the ground, neck down, after making several holes in it and screwing the cap tightly. The bottom of the container is cut off in such a way as to form a kind of lid that will prevent water evaporation. This method of irrigation is more convenient, since the tank is filled with water through a fairly wide hole.

If necessary, the drip irrigation time can be extended. To do this, use larger containers - five-liter plastic bottles. In this case, holes are pierced on one side of the container, and the lid is cut on the other. The bottle is placed in the ground horizontally with the holes down.

Surface irrigation scheme

Surface watering of plants

The containers do not need to be buried; they can simply be hung above the plants. To organize drip irrigation from plastic bottles using a surface method, you need to build strong supports above the bushes and attach containers to them. The bottle is hung with the lid down, having first pierced one or two holes in it, or vice versa, they make holes in the bottom and secure it with the neck up.

This method of irrigation is more convenient and of high quality, since the plants receive warm water heated by the sun.

In addition, the direction of the drops can be accurately determined; it is important that they fall only into the soil, without affecting the leaves of the plants. If you notice that the fertile layer of soil is being washed away, move the container to another location. You can see how to make drip irrigation from plastic bottles in the video

You can see how to make drip irrigation from plastic bottles in the video.

An improved way to moisten the soil

To organize more effective drip irrigation, in addition to the bottle, you will need an empty ballpoint pen. You need to cut off the writing part from it and rinse it well. In the resulting tube, one end must be closed with a toothpick or a sharpened match, then, stepping back about 2 cm from the closed edge, pierce a small hole with a needle.

Now you need to make a hole for the rod in the bottle. If you install the container with the neck down, then pierce a hole at the level of the bottle hanger. If there is a bottom at the bottom, then make a hole, 10–15 cm away from it. Insert the rod with the closed end outward and compact it well with plasticine. Pour water into the container and place it near the plant as shown in the photo.

1 – water bottle, 2 – rod, 3 – closed end of the tube

With this method of drip irrigation, moisture goes directly to the roots of the plants. The watering speed is controlled by the width of the hole in the rod. Practice shows that when using two-liter containers, the soil will remain moist for five days, but provided that no more than 10 drops of water are poured out within five minutes.

Drip irrigation using plastic bottles is a realistic and inexpensive way to organize an effective irrigation system for garden plants. This is an ideal option for areas that do not have a constant water supply, and for summer residents who, when leaving for several days, can be sure that the planted crops will not die from lack of moisture.

DIY gutter made of galvanized steel

Setting up a metal wastewater drainage system requires certain experience and knowledge. For the manufacture of drains, sheet roofing steel 0.5-0.7 mm is used. It cannot be less than 270 g per square meter.

To construct a drain you will need the following tools :

• marker for marking;
• scissors for working with metal;
• pliers;
• mallet and hammer.

Tin pipes are a simple part of the drain structure; making them yourself is very simple. To do this, you will need thin tin or galvanized steel sheets.

Practical and reliable drainage systems made of galvanized steel Source stroy-podskazka.ru

Features of a storm system for a flat roof

The drain on a flat roof begins at the water collection point and consists of vertical pipes embedded in the wall with outlet to the sewer. When constructing the system, mandatory insulation of pipes should be provided. Thermal insulation will prevent moisture from condensing on the outside of the storm drain during the cold period and will prevent possible rotting of the walls of the building. At low temperatures, thermal insulation will prevent the drain itself from freezing.

Pollution protection on a flat roof involves installing a mesh over the receiving opening. This can be a flat insert or a mesh cap.

Installation of a do-it-yourself drainage system

When all the details of the drainage structure have already been prepared, proceed to assembling the drain. Installation of rainwater drainage systems can be carried out using different methods; the choice of method depends on the fasteners and the season when the installation work is carried out. It is advisable to do drains before covering the roof.

Do-it-yourself drainage system installation Source sip-roof.ru

The most successful and reliable option is installation on an external crossbar or rafter. This way you can protect the fasteners from rain using a cornice strip. If there is already a roof, use another method of arranging drainage.

Detailed instructions on how to make a drain from sewer pipes with your own hands and other materials :

1. First, brackets are installed to support the gutters. They are mounted at a distance of 55-60 cm, and the level should decrease towards the release of precipitation.
2. The holders are mounted so that the roof overhang extends to 1/3 of the semicircle. The other 2/3 will collect water draining from the roof.
3. Brackets are mounted on the eaves strip at a slope. Install the holder located higher. Mount the bracket located at the very bottom (the slope is increased by 5 mm every meter). If you do not maintain the slope, the water will not drain well and leaks may form.
4. The installed brackets are fastened with rope, and a line is drawn on the surface of the facade along the twine. Other supporting parts are mounted at the required distance, placing them along the line.
5. Install the gutter and place a plug on the top edge. At the joints of the pipe and the gutter, make a hole for the funnel and install it.

Upon completion of the above work, they proceed to the installation of drains. Clamps are used for fastening to the façade surface. If there is a sewer pit on the site for precipitation, the pipe is led to it. When draining wastewater into the ground, the pipe is placed at a distance of 30-35 cm above the soil.

How many brackets are needed and how to attach them

Calculating the required number of brackets for attaching the drainage system is easy. As a rule, when installing them, a step of 50-60 cm is used. Therefore, first the total length of the wall is divided by this indicator. A unit is added to the result obtained to indicate the outermost bracket.

In this way, the required number of brackets per wall is calculated. The remaining sections are calculated in a similar manner. If the walls have a non-linear configuration, the count is carried out piece by piece, with the obligatory support of corner elements on both sides.

As for attaching brackets, three methods are usually used for this:

1. Nailing to roof rafters. It is most convenient to do this before laying the roofing material: in this case, fastening occurs without any problems.
2. Installation on wind board. For plastic castings, this option is the only one possible. Other systems can be mounted differently.
3. Fastening to the edge board of sheathing or decking under continuous roofing material. This type of installation can also be implemented only before laying the roofing material.

Once again, it is worth recalling that when attaching the brackets, it is important not to forget about the slope angle. Metal products can be bent in any convenient way

There is also a special device for this - a hook bender: it is sold in the same departments as gutters.

The gutter should be positioned in such a way that the roofing deck ends no further than halfway. The best location is checked in the range from half to a third of the size of the product. This will allow most of the gutter to participate in water capture, which is especially important during heavy rains.

Useful tips and tricks

To prevent the drainage structure from clogging, nets are installed on the gutters. They do not interfere with the collection of precipitation, but protect the pipes from leaves.

Correct installation of drainage systems is the key to proper operation of the system Source sense-life.com

In ready-made drainage systems, such protection is included in the kit, but when making drains yourself, you need to do it yourself:

• you will need a metal mesh;
• Having cut it into strips slightly wider than the dimensions of the gutter, it is attached to the drainage elements using clamps.

The drainage system must be constantly cleaned of dirt and debris. Even a mesh will not provide reliable protection. Accumulated debris can make it difficult to remove precipitation, causing blockages to appear in the pipes. Water will begin to flow onto the facade of the building and wash away the foundation.

What function should the drain perform?

Regardless of what material the drain is made of, it must protect the foundation and base of the house from rain and melt water.

Waterlogged soil can cause premature deterioration of building masonry materials or subsidence of the foundation. Reducing the load-bearing characteristics of the foundation is a very big problem. It can only be noticed when cracks appear on the facade walls of the house. Restoring the strength of the foundation is very difficult and expensive; such work can only be performed by professionals. But they are not able to give a 100% guarantee that the measures taken will achieve the goal. All other functions of drainage (collection of rainwater into a container, decorative decoration of the facade of a building) are considered secondary and do not have any impact on the duration and safety of operation of the building.

Briefly about the main thing

Do-it-yourself roof gutters can replace a finished structure. The main thing is to follow the technology for installing the drainage system. The reliability and proper operation of drainage systems depends on the accuracy of measurements. A drain made according to all the rules will cope with the task and will last for a long time.

Different materials are used to make roof gutters: PVC, sewer pipes, galvanized steel, wood, plastic bottles. The process of installing the structure is similar in each case. Detailed instructions for installing drainage systems will help you complete the work without the involvement of a specialist.

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Popular gutter manufacturers

Many manufacturers present drainage systems for various types of roofs. One of the popular ones is gutters. The products are available in various colors and are resistant to mechanical and climatic influences. Döke products are divided into several series depending on technical characteristics, which makes it easy to make a choice.

provides a 25 year guarantee on its products

The products are also in demand and are presented in a large assortment. The elements of the drains are easily connected to each other, forming a strong and durable system. The company specializes in the production of plastic parts using modern technologies.

Plastic gutters are easy to install and look very attractive

produces various types of gutters, but one of the most popular options is a complex made of steel and plastic. The appearance, technical characteristics and size range of parts are varied, but all products are durable and easy to install.

Aquasystem gutters are a kind of hybrid of metal and plastic products

PVC pipe color selection

An integral element of the system is drainpipes (metal or plastic, round or rectangular), designed to discharge water from the level of the uppermost floor of the building to the ground level.

Drainpipes are assembled from several separate pipes, connected to each other by connecting elements. The fully assembled pipe is fixed vertically using fastening clamps.

Additional elements of the drainage system are plugs for gutters, contours, tees, funnels, protective nets, and gratings.

A set of shaped parts traditionally used in the construction of drainage systems for private houses. When building a system with your own hands, you will need all these elements in quantities determined by calculations

Gutter plugs are installed at the ends of the gutter lines and have a variety of configurations and shapes (right-handed, left-handed, universal). Due to the contours, accurate installation of pipes is carried out in complex architectural areas. Tees provide technical drains, and funnels, meshes and grates facilitate efficient water removal.

We also recommend reading our material on how to independently calculate the amount of materials needed for arranging a drainage system.

Manufacturers of polyvinyl chloride fittings produce products in three colors to make it easier for customers to navigate the range and features of the material.

Strengths of a flat roof

If you live in a big city, then you are probably familiar with flat roofs.

They can be found on almost every high-rise building. High-rise buildings, as a rule, are equipped with internal drainage so that water falling from above cannot harm the surrounding buildings. Until recently, such roofs could only be found on industrial and multi-story buildings, but with the advent of new roofing products, they began to be erected in private construction.

What is it that attracts developers so much? Most likely, people are simply tired of the image of a standard pitched system. Of course, there is no doubt about its practicality, but such roofs are found absolutely everywhere in private buildings. Therefore, if you want to stand out from the rest, then you still have a chance to do it.

Residents of Western countries have long been using buildings with flat roofs and describe them exclusively in positive terms. And this is no wonder, because for a small price you get additional living space, which you can use at your discretion, the main thing is to create all the conditions for this. The flat surface is reliably protected by modern roofing materials, so you don’t have to think about repairs.

So let's look at the positive qualities of a flat surface:

• Compared to pitched roofs, flat roofs have a smaller area, so the installation will require much less materials. From an economic point of view, this is very profitable.
• You can also save some money by refusing the services of a roofing crew and doing all the work yourself. True, it will be a little difficult without a partner, so invite someone you know.
• It is much more convenient to carry out installation work on a flat surface than in a suspended state, so it will proceed not only easily, but also quickly.
• By servicing your roof at any time of the year, you can be sure that you will not harm your health in any way.
• The additional space created as a result of installation can be used at your discretion. On it you can place a recreation area, place a playground, a workshop, grow a garden and much more.

Often, as I list these properties of a flat roof, many developers have a desire to start construction right away, but it is not as easy as it seems. The whole difficulty lies in designing such a roof, and if any element is installed incorrectly, then such a surface will soon fail.

The drainage system of a flat roof is one of its most important components.

As you already know, it can be equipped with both internal and external methods. If we consider the first, then it represents the installation of a complex system of pipes inside a building, which in a certain way drain precipitation from the surface into the storm sewer. This system allows you to improve the appearance of your comfort and make it more attractive and mysterious. As for the second method, these are the familiar pipes that are visible from the outside of the building. As a rule, external drainage from a flat roof is installed only if your finances are limited or your region experiences harsh winters.

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Types of gutters: how to choose them for your project

It is important to choose the optimal dimensions so that the gutter and the dimensions of its pipe cope with their functions most effectively. The concept of choice is that elements that are too narrow will not cope with water flows, and elements that are too wide will cost much more.

Therefore, it is worth considering the following factors:

1. Precipitation amount for your area.
2. The area and slope of the roof.
3. Individual features of the house architecture.

Let's select the sizes

The diameter of modern grooves and pipes ranges from 60 to 216 mm. Most products comply with DIN EN standards; some manufacturers continue to produce products in accordance with GOST 7623-84.

Homeowners who prefer to make their own gutter should note that it should be slightly wider than the pipe. The height of the side should be at least 10-12 mm. The most common ratios of the elements of the groove/pipe system are as follows:

• 100/75 mm.
• 125/87 mm.
• 125/100 mm.
• 150/100 mm.
• 200/150 mm.

As an example, consider a practical example with a roof area of ​​60 m². A 100 mm groove and a pipe with a diameter of 80 mm are suitable here. For an area of ​​100 m² you will already need a 100 mm pipe and a 150 mm groove. The parameters are averaged; the individual characteristics of the building influence them directly. The length of the grooves is usually 2-3 meters.

How to make it yourself from improvised materials

You can make a drain yourself from various available materials. This allows you to save significant money. When installing a drainage system with your own hands, a material such as galvanized steel is very popular. It will last about 10 years - it is quite economical and also affordable material. Let's take a closer look at this option.

To work on creating a drain made of galvanized steel, you will need the following tools and materials:

• metal cutting scissors;
• hammer;
• marker for making marks;
• sheets of galvanized steel about 0.5 mm thick;
• pliers.

• we mark the starting point for installation, located at the maximum height;
• fasten the gutter bracket;
• we install a funnel, which is placed at the lowest point between the brackets;
• combine the funnel with the pipe;
• We fix the drain pipe using clamps;
• We attach and secure the drain to the pipe from below;
• We are installing a system for heating the drain.

Video: DIY roof gutters

General tips for installing metal gutters

When installing a metal drain, you need to follow some rules:

• cut elements with metal scissors or a hacksaw with fine teeth;
• remove protective films before installation;
• Place the end caps on the smooth part of the gutter;
• use profiles and fasteners recommended by the manufacturer;
• set the number of funnels corresponding to the calculation;
• maintain the distance between the brackets and clamps;
• leave a gap of 50-100 mm between the pipe and the facade;
• The junctions of the gutters should be reinforced with brackets; the distance from the joint to the fasteners should not exceed 150 mm on both sides.

Installing gutters yourself will help save the budget allocated for building a house. With proper selection of elements and installation, the system will last at least 10 years.

Components of a drainage system

First you need to find out what exactly to make, since the drainage system consists of different elements:

1. Gutter One of the main elements of the entire structure. It helps to collect water from the roof slopes. Possibly round or square, mounted horizontally from the bottom of the roof overhang. The size of the gutter depends on the area of ​​the slope that it will serve.
2. Pipe. The vertical part of the structure that allows water to be drained to the place you need, be it a drainage system or a container for collecting rainwater. The pipes are attached to the wall of the building.
3. Storm drain or funnel. The element that connects the gutter to the pipe.
4. Turns and corners. Structural elements that allow you to walk around the house, various protruding elements, etc. Thanks to them, it is also possible to install the pipe at different distances from the wall of the house.
5. Plugs. In those places where a funnel and pipe are not provided, a plug is installed.
6. Gutter connection. While the walls are enormously long, the gutters are connected to each other by special connecting elements.
7. Fasteners for pipes and gutters that allow these elements to be firmly fixed to the wall.
8. Leaf trap. From time to time, a trap is installed into the system that looks like a grate. Thanks to it, leaves do not enter the system and clog it. All you have to do is periodically remove the leaves from the trap.

As they say, it is better to notice once than to hear a hundred times, based on this, below is a diagram in which you can clearly notice all the components of the system.

Principles of element placement

The water flow from the roof is calculated and designed individually, based on the area of ​​the slopes and the average amount of precipitation falling in a given climatic zone. You can correctly make a project and place elements by following the following rules:

Rules for calculating the cross-section of a gutter

• Gutters are installed around the entire perimeter of the building with the exception of the porch. To calculate how many parts will be needed, you need to measure the perimeter of the house, divide by the length of one element and round up to the nearest whole number.
• The gutter is mounted at an angle. In order for water to move by gravity along it towards the drainage funnel, it is given a slope of 3-5%.
• At the corners of the building, rotating elements are placed that rotate the drain 90 degrees. For a rectangular structure, 4 such parts are required. If the house has a complex configuration, then internal corners are also needed for installation.
• The required number of funnels for receiving water is calculated based on the fact that it collects liquid from 10 linear meters of the gutter. That is, if the length exceeds 10 meters, then it is correct to install 2 funnels to collect water from the roof slopes. According to building regulations, the maximum distance between two collection points is 20 meters.
• The simplest drainage device involves placing funnels to collect water, primarily near the corners of the building. To determine how many vertical pipes are required, you simply need to count the number of funnels, since each of them requires its own drain.
• The drain pipe is secured to the wall with a special bracket with a round holder of the appropriate diameter. For every meter of pipe you need 1 bracket. To calculate the required number of hooks for fixing the gutter, you should divide the perimeter of the house into a step between them, which is 50-60 cm.

Rules for drainage placement

Important! The main condition for effective water flow is a slope of 2-5 degrees towards the funnel. Experienced craftsmen claim that it is enough to allow a difference in height of 0.5 cm for every meter of gutter length.