For a long time, baths have been very popular in Rus', and more recently, due to the growth of individual construction, these structures are experiencing a rebirth. Many owners try to build both a bathhouse and such an important element of it as a stone stove for a bathhouse with their own hands.
Our instructions will allow you to correctly plan and build a stove, and it will give the bathhouse a special atmosphere of cheerfulness and health.
Photo of a stone sauna stove - such a device will create a unique aroma in your sauna
What is the difference between a Dutch woman and a Swedish woman, I confuse them
The Dutch oven was created specifically as a heating stove, but now they are making a hob in it. This device is much simpler than a Russian stove: a combustion chamber with a labyrinth of smoke ducts on top. The smoke travels along this winding path for a long time, and thanks to this the heat does not escape. In our country, Dutch was traditionally decorated with tiles - this option is considered a classic.
The Swedish stove is an improved version of the Dutch stove with a vertical system of smoke circulation channels. Swedish scientists optimized it in the mid-18th century by expanding the lower part and adding an oven to the side.
The Swedish oven is the result of careful calculations. With its quite compact size, it warms up quickly, allowing you to cook food, heat the house, etc. The efficiency of the Swedish stove is slightly inferior to that of the Russian stove, but this design requires precise calculations. They drown the Swede twice a day.
Design of stone stoves
When creating a stone stove project for your home, you must be guided by the principles of ease of use, functionality, attractiveness and safety. The last point should become fundamental, because we are talking about installing a stove in a residential building.
Laying a stone stove is not an easy task. A rational approach to creating a drawing of a stone stove at the initial stage of designing a house will be. Thanks to this, builders will be able to form a chimney pipe directly into the walls. This will save space and ensure the greatest heating of the rooms.
Chimney design:
direct flow- counterflow
- with horizontal channels;
- with vertical channels;
- without channels;
- single-turn
- multi-turn;
- with bottom heating.
The chimney system is planned taking into account the choice of stone stove model.
Creating a competent stone stove design guarantees an excellent result. The design will delight you with ease of maintenance and care.
Fire safety when installing a stone stove
There is a set of rules that a stone stove must comply with:
cutting equipment at the junction of ventilation ducts and chimneys with ceilings;- it is forbidden to lay flooring in close proximity to the walls of the pipe;
- creating a distance between the wooden wall and the main pipes of the furnace;
- the stove ceiling is equipped with at least three rows of brick;
- do not allow joints to be joined in a vertical position during the laying process;
- when arranging separators, provide for the possibility of settling the furnace;
- A metal sheet is attached under the combustion chamber door.
Can a fireplace be installed in any room of the house or are there restrictions?
There are a lot of restrictions. It is not allowed on the second floor (usually the ceilings are not designed to support the weight of even a small fireplace), in a regularly shaped room with an area of at least 20 square meters with three-meter ceilings, so that the volume of air is sufficient for normal combustion. But a fireplace that is too small will not be able to heat a large room. For masonry fireplaces there is a rule:
area of the combustion window = 1/50 of the area of the room.
The firebox window should “look” into the middle of the room.
How to choose a stone stove
The choice of design and type of stone stove depends on the purpose of use, the area of the heated room, the structural features and the level of fire safety. A stove for a country house and for a large house will have obvious differences, since the heat transfer power should be sufficient in one case or another.
To ensure the greatest heating capacity, the stove is planned so that the surface that emits heat is located in proportion to the area of the room, taking into account the level of heat loss.
There are different shapes of stone stoves:
- rectangular;
- square;
- round;
- T-shaped;
- corner.
I made a foundation for the fireplace stove, tied to the main tape. Am I right?
No. The stove, like a cat, loves to walk on its own, and the foundations for heating structures must be autonomous. This will protect the foundation from frozen groundwater, movement and any lateral loads.
Exceptions are made in two cases:
- quicksand soil;
- piles.
In the case of an abutment, a soft insert is installed between the furnace foundation and the tape. But not a wooden shield, for example, or sand. The simplest soft insert around the perimeter of the foundation under the stove can be made from a foam plastic board 5 cm thick.
If you nevertheless decide to make a common foundation for the house and the stove, you need to take into account the uneven load and install additional reinforcement in the concrete monolith between the main perimeter and the platform along the foundation of the stove.
Advantages and disadvantages
In modern days, people have again begun to show interest in the original Russian adobe oven. They are built not only in rural villages, but also by people living in the city. The equipment can be erected on the street or directly in the house.
Clay stoves are used not only as a heating unit, but also as a decorative element that can be used to decorate a garden, a country house and similar buildings. The design is very simple, so it won’t be difficult to recreate it in any room. To make it, you only need to have a great desire to build, as well as clay.
The stove is gaining great popularity due to its obvious advantages:
- Maximum ease of construction - there is no need to spend money on expensive materials and tools. The design is created by hand and you don’t even have to use electricity.
- Compact sizes.
- Completely environmentally friendly - only natural materials that do not pollute the environment are used for combustion and manufacturing.
- Low cost. You won't have to buy anything from hardware stores. Even on sand, there is an option to save money - go to the nearest beach and collect the required amount there.
- Great practicality. The oven is used not only for heating, but also for cooking and drying clothes. It is also a good decorative element.
Despite the large number of advantages, any device also has disadvantages. The only downside is that you will need a lot of building material – clay. It needs to be mixed properly to get the right consistency. But if you conduct several experiments and practice mixing small quantities, then difficulties will not arise in this situation.
Isn't a stove dangerous? A spark falls from the tank, or the wall overheats - and that’s it, there’s a fire!
For safety, fire safety cuts and retreats have long been calculated. Setback is the safe distance of the stove from the wall (the wall must be protected from overheating and fire, and the distance can be either closed or open).
Cutting is performed at the intersection of combustible house structures with a stove or chimney and represents a completely non-combustible space.
You can read more about fire protection using the link at the end of the article.
About stone ovens
Stone stoves do not lose their popularity to this day, despite the huge selection of modern models. This is due to the reliability of the design, high heat transfer and operation.
Most often, stone stoves are installed in houses that are built in areas remote from centralized heating.
Alternative fuel sources, such as coal and wood, cost much less than electricity or gas. A stone wood stove helps create a special atmosphere in the house.
In such houses you feel more comfortable, and food cooked in the oven has a mind-blowing aroma and taste. The modern design of stoves turns an ordinary structure into a real work of art.
What can you make from a whole brick at your dacha with your own hands?
A number of structures simply will not be able to fully perform their functions if they are assembled from damaged material. We will tell you about them first, and in the meantime, you slowly begin to select whole bricks from the mountain that you previously piled under the canopy.
Brick grill
This design is perhaps the most popular of all brick ones, since it performs not so much a useful as a pleasant function. More familiar to the average person, of course, is a metal grill, but if desired, it is quite possible to replace it with brick.
The easiest and fastest option for a barbecue is to lay out a square or rectangle of bricks in the place where you usually “indulge” in barbecue. The bricks are laid on top of each other in several rows. That’s it – the “mobile” grill is ready. Now go marinate the meat.
By the way, using the same principle, you can create a barbecue or tandoor at your dacha with your own hands.
If you want to create a barbecue that will serve you for more than one day, then in this case you need to install a solid foundation and reinforce the walls of the structure with metal mesh.
Brick oven
This, of course, is not a barbecue for you; making a stove is much more difficult than his. But for a purposeful person there are no obstacles. As they say, you just need to want it. You can build a stove in a country house or in a bathhouse, equip it with a closed gazebo, construct a summer stove, or go even further and assemble a stove for burning garbage.
Brick toilet
Do you have so much brick left that it will be enough for a separate small building or extension? Build a toilet out of it. Brick construction is much stronger than wood because it is less susceptible to weather conditions. And even if your country house already has amenities, an outdoor toilet may well become a backup option. Especially if you have a lot of free time and you have nowhere to put the brick. By the way, getting rid of an unpleasant smell in a country toilet is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance.
Brick fireplace
Have you already built a toilet, but still don’t run out of bricks? Try to get by with a simplified version of the stove - a fireplace. Less work, but more aesthetics. A working fireplace will be especially pleasing to the eye on a rainy day, when you do not have the physical ability to carry out garden work
It is only important to choose the right firewood for the fireplace
Fireplace made of brick
This is essentially the same fireplace, but only in the yard. The simplest option for a fire pit is to place the bricks in a circle on a solid tile base and secure them with two wire rings. But, depending on the degree of your imagination, the design can be complicated.
Place the structure in such a place that the fire does not accidentally spread beyond the brick ring.
Fence posts
If the dacha has already been built, but there is still no strong fence, then the brick left over from the construction can be used for pillars to it. True, in this case it is better to resort to the help of specialists. But if you are confident in your own abilities, then it won’t hurt you to know a few secrets.
In addition to fence posts, you can also make bench supports in the form of small posts from bricks.
Types of stone for finishing a fireplace
Fireplace made of natural stone
Fireplace cladding is traditionally made from natural or artificial stone. Each material has its own characteristics and you need to know about them.
Cladding the fireplace with artificial stone
A relatively cheap analogue of natural material, made of gypsum and colored concrete. Cladding a fireplace with artificial stone has:
- presentable appearance,
- heat resistance,
- ease of installation,
- relatively light weight.
Of course, a fireplace made of decorative stone will be cheaper, but it is in many ways inferior to its natural counterpart. Finishing a fireplace with artificial stone has the disadvantage of being susceptible to mechanical stress. The cladding is performed using heat-resistant glue.
Fireplaces made of natural stone
The ideal option for all characteristics is fireplaces made of natural stone.
The following types of natural stone are used:
- marble is perfect for interior and exterior decoration, it can be processed well,
- granite is used mainly for exterior decoration,
- slate is distinguished by a variety of colors and durability,
- shell rock has a beautiful porous structure, but is susceptible to mechanical damage,
- rubble stone - a cobblestone that allows you to create the perfect pattern,
- limestone is one of the most common budget options,
- sandstone meets all the requirements for facing fireplaces, gives an oriental flavor to the room,
- Quartzite is highly durable and has a luxurious appearance.
The choice of materials for cladding affects the cost of the fireplace. Granite and marble are expensive; sandstone, rubble, and limestone are good alternatives.
Rules for choosing a firebox
The metal firebox is equipped with a special pipe, so when choosing this option, the chimney pipe is selected in accordance with the diameter of the pipe.
Specialized stores offer a huge selection of fireplaces with fireboxes of any configuration. This can be open, closed, end-to-end or one-way. In addition, the firebox may have a built-in heat exchanger, allowing you to connect the fireplace to a water heating circuit.
The traditional option is a brick firebox. When deciding how to make a simple fireplace, it is recommended to use white fireclay bricks, which are resistant to high heat.
The brickwork must be level, so the work should be carried out with extreme care and precision. Setting up a brick firebox requires a lot of time and effort, requiring special skills, patience and endurance from the master.
What can you make from broken bricks at your dacha with your own hands?
Those designs that we will discuss below can, of course, be made from whole material. But it also happens that after construction there are broken bricks that also need to be used. Here are some good ideas for using it.
Broken brick facing material
Broken and whole bricks will be used in the construction and lining of both above-ground and underground cellars. You can also pave a cesspool with broken bricks: this will allow the water to sink into the ground faster.
If there are deep holes in your summer cottage or somewhere near it, then they can be filled with fragments of broken bricks, but they must be well compacted into the ground.
Brick path
Red or yellow bricks, either broken or whole, are suitable for the path. It is simply laid on top of the sand. The advantage of such material is its availability, low cost and ease of processing. If desired, you can diversify this garden path with gravel or pebbles.
Brick can also be used as paving slabs, paving the courtyard area with it.
Brick border
Our list of successful embodiments of old brick in a different capacity continues with a border. It can also be laid out from either whole or broken bricks, or you can combine both types and different colors of this building material. Brick will look good as a frame for a path and as a fence for a flower bed.
What you need for work
To make a fireplace for a home, two types of bricks are used: solid and fire-resistant. The inside is laid out last because it can withstand high temperatures. In addition, this type of brick is capable of storing heat for a long time and warms up slowly. For the solution, use a mixture that is sold in special stores or you can make it yourself using clay and sand. The consistency should be like thick sour cream.
If a wood-burning fireplace for a summer house is built with a closed firebox, then you will need doors made of metal and fire-resistant glass. You also need to buy a damper, a vent door and a cleaning door. For the chimney you will need a steel pipe.
Tools include a spatula, a construction level, a grinding machine, a tape measure, a container for mixing the mortar, a trowel, and fittings.
Note! For beginners, when cutting and chopping bricks, it is better to use a grinder with a circle along the concrete thread. Then there will be less waste and translation of material.
As soon as everything for the work has been assembled, they begin installing a wood-burning fireplace for the dacha with their own hands.
Basic principles of construction
- The first row is laid edge-on, and the subsequent rows are laid flat.
- The base is made of at least two rows.
- The brick is taken whole, without chips or cracks.
- Before laying, the brick is soaked in water so that in the future it does not take moisture from the mortar.
- The minimum seam thickness is 5 mm.
- The excess mixture is removed immediately before it has time to dry.
- The solution is made without lumps and should not be used to coat the inside of the fireplace.
- Installation is done during the warm period (spring or summer).
- Construction begins from the corners.
For the work, high quality materials, fireproof mortar and the required design are used. Cladding also plays an important role in creating additional comfort in the room.
Laying cladding
The final stage in building a fireplace with your own hands is the cladding. Purchasing the material is not difficult - construction stores sell special natural stone for finishing
Facing
hearth. It is a tile (similar in parameters to ceramic) with an untreated front surface. It retains its original original pattern, making the fireplace luxurious in every way. Please note that the material is expensive, so pre-calculate the required number of slabs without buying them for future use, a maximum of 10 pieces in case of breakage.
Do-it-yourself cladding is carried out using an adhesive solution. There are no special rules for finishing; the work is carried out by analogy with laying ordinary ceramic tiles. The only caveat is the heavy weight of the stone. To ensure that it adheres tightly to the surface, buy a ready-made adhesive solution for laying finishing materials.
Work on the fireplace is considered complete when the binding materials have hardened and the masonry has dried. [ads-pc-2][ads-mob-2]
Features of operation
Before you start using the equipment, the internal formwork must be set on fire - otherwise it will not be accessible. This operation should be carried out extremely carefully so that the structure does not collapse and cracks do not appear. If cracks cannot be avoided, they are covered with a clay solution, but they must be widened before filling. Only after completing all the steps in the stove can you light a fire.
Before you start baking baked goods or similar foods, you must thoroughly heat the oven for 2 hours using dry wood. As soon as the firebrands appear, they are removed with a poker. The oven closes tightly. You will need to wait 15 minutes. During this time, the temperature inside will even out, and the bread will be baked well on all sides.
To determine the degree of readiness of the oven, you need to use a splinter - it is placed inside the oven for a few minutes, and then carefully examined. If it is charred, then you need to give the oven more time to cool, and if it has changed color - it has become browner, then you can start cooking. This will mean that the temperature has reached approximately 200 degrees. The baking technology is quite simple - you need to make sure that the dough is well baked.
Fence
If the bricks are well preserved, you can use them to make a small, neat fence.
To do this, it is enough to dig a long, level trench 1/3 of a brick deep. After this, we lay out the bricks at any angle we like on top of each other. The entire structure can be concreted, or you can simply cover it with earth and trample it down. However, in the latter case, the fence will have to be moved periodically, since it will most likely begin to tilt in different directions.
If there is cement left on old bricks, it can be broken off with a hammer and chisel. And to give a uniform color, the surface can be sanded a little.
Metal barbecue
For a homeowner with welding skills, it is easier to make a portable barbecue out of metal yourself than to build one out of brick. Therefore, we could not ignore this very popular type of barbecue. But metal in good hands can take any shape, hence the different designs of homemade barbecues. There is no point in presenting a traditional roasting pan with legs, but photos of more original products definitely deserve attention:
A metal barbecue made from a gas cylinder can hardly be called portable due to its considerable weight. But it has a firebox lid, which allows you to save smoldering coals for some time before frying the next portion of kebabs. Also interesting is the design of a barbecue with a lid, made with your own hands from an ordinary iron barrel:
The openwork design of a kebab bar with a polycarbonate canopy near the house looks very aesthetically pleasing, the drawing of which is shown below:
What can you make from a whole brick at your dacha with your own hands?
A number of structures simply will not be able to fully perform their functions if they are assembled from damaged material. We will tell you about them first, and in the meantime, you slowly begin to select whole bricks from the mountain that you previously piled under the canopy.
Brick grill
This design is perhaps the most popular of all brick ones, since it performs not so much a useful as a pleasant function. More familiar to the average person, of course, is a metal grill, but if desired, it is quite possible to replace it with brick.
The easiest and fastest option for a barbecue is to lay out a square or rectangle of bricks in the place where you usually “indulge” in barbecue. The bricks are laid on top of each other in several rows. That’s it – the “mobile” grill is ready. Now go marinate the meat.
By the way, using the same principle, you can create a barbecue or tandoor at your dacha with your own hands.
If you want to create a barbecue that will serve you for more than one day, then in this case you need to install a solid foundation and reinforce the walls of the structure with metal mesh.
Brick oven
This, of course, is not a barbecue for you; making a stove is much more difficult than his. But for a purposeful person there are no obstacles. As they say, you just need to want it. You can build a stove in a country house or in a bathhouse, equip it with a closed gazebo, construct a summer stove, or go even further and assemble a stove for burning garbage.
Brick toilet
Do you have so much brick left that it will be enough for a separate small building or extension? Build a toilet out of it. Brick construction is much stronger than wood because it is less susceptible to weather conditions. And even if your country house already has amenities, an outdoor toilet may well become a backup option. Especially if you have a lot of free time and you have nowhere to put the brick. By the way, getting rid of an unpleasant smell in a country toilet is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance.
Brick fireplace
Have you already built a toilet, but still don’t run out of bricks? Try to get by with a simplified version of the stove - a fireplace. Less work, but more aesthetics. A working fireplace will be especially pleasing to the eye on a rainy day, when you do not have the physical ability to carry out garden work
It is only important to choose the right firewood for the fireplace
Fireplace made of brick
This is essentially the same fireplace, but only in the yard. The simplest option for a fire pit is to place the bricks in a circle on a solid tile base and secure them with two wire rings. But, depending on the degree of your imagination, the design can be complicated.
Place the structure in such a place that the fire does not accidentally spread beyond the brick ring.
Fence posts
If the dacha has already been built, but there is still no strong fence, then the brick left over from the construction can be used for pillars to it. True, in this case it is better to resort to the help of specialists. But if you are confident in your own abilities, then it won’t hurt you to know a few secrets.
In addition to fence posts, you can also make bench supports in the form of small posts from bricks.
Design options with photos
Countless designs for stationary and portable barbecue grills designed for outdoor placement have been published on the Internet. And although the structures differ in size, design and manufacturing method, they are based on several basic structures:
- open-type brazier (also known as brazier);
- a hearth covered with walls on 3 sides and equipped with a grid for cooking - grill;
- combined buildings, for example, a barbecue oven or grill with a lid and smokehouse, made from a barrel or cylinders, as shown in the photo;
- A barbecue oven is a whole home complex, which, in addition to a barbecue, can include a hob with space for a cauldron, an oven, a fireplace with a spit, a tandoor and even a fireplace.
Steel barbecues with canopy
Portable barbecues and grills are usually made from sheet metal or finished steel products - old gas cylinders and barrels. If desired, it can be combined with a hob and smoking chamber, and the stationary version can be placed under a beautiful polycarbonate canopy, as shown in the photo. These are the most affordable options in terms of construction costs. How to weld a metal grill with your own hands is described in detail in this step-by-step instruction.
A small open barbecue with high sides and a grate can be built from red brick left over after the construction of a residential building. Moreover, the lower part of the structure - the woodsheds and side cabinets - can be laid out from the remains of sand-lime brick, since they do not experience temperature stress.
The brick multifunctional stove with a chimney, shown in the photo, is appropriate inside a garden gazebo or veranda when you need to set up a kitchen right in the recreation room. How many different elements to use in it is up to you, depending on the allocated area. The same is with the layout - you can adopt both straight and corner designs of the barbecue.
You can see a variety of outdoor ovens and ideas for arranging a barbecue area in the video, where the options are shown in the form of a photo gallery:
