How to sheathe frame walls of a bathhouse from the inside

How and how to decorate a steam room?
How to line the inside of a bathhouse cheaply?
Which clapboard is better to cover the walls?
Stages of work
How to line a bathhouse with foil: features
Ceiling insulation: step-by-step instructions
Insulation of walls and floors
Interior decoration of the bathhouse with clapboard

Not all materials can withstand the hot steam test. The temperature in the steam room reaches + 120 °C, and for a comfortable pastime, proper finishing of the bathhouse inside is very important. For example, wood protects walls from extreme heat and skin burns. Rocks with low thermal conductivity are suitable for cladding. The advice of the masters will help you step by step on how to choose them and how to decorate the inside of the bathhouse with your own hands.

Manufacturing and installation of wall frames

Initial data: there is a columnar foundation with a wooden grillage.
Boards (150x25 mm) are laid on top of the grillage, playing the role of a subfloor (later they will be dismantled). The bathhouse frame will be installed on a columnar foundation with a grillage.

The frame of the walls is made of boards 150x50 mm. The walls were assembled on the ground and then fixed on a grillage. Each wall frame is made up of vertical posts (11 pieces on the longitudinal walls, 8 pieces on the end walls), horizontal frames, crossbars and jibs (2 pieces per wall, running at 45° from the corner to the middle posts). To install the jibs (flat) in the racks, cuts were made.

The finished wall frames were installed on a grillage and leveled. A second top frame is nailed to each wall along the top, and jute is laid between the solid beams. The jibs were cut into the racks and finally nailed down. The upper double frames of the walls are fastened together.

Bathhouse wall frame installed on a grillage

Floor with drain and ladders

Briefly about the arrangement of the floor in the bathhouse. Floor joists and a subfloor are placed on the timber frame. Next, vapor barrier and expanded clay are laid. It has heat-saving and moisture-absorbing properties. The finishing floor is laid on top.

In rooms where large amounts of water are expected to be used - in a sauna, washing area or shower - the floor is made with a slope and special drain holes. A flexible pipe is connected to them to drain wastewater into the site’s drainage system.

Walkways - well, to make it pleasant to walk in the bathhouse - not slippery, not through puddles. To ensure they last a long time, they must be dried thoroughly after each use.

Bathhouse interior options: photos of various rooms

Design of a steam room in a bathhouse: several photo examples

The steam room is the heart of the sauna. It should be light and cozy

At the same time, appearance is of great importance. For example, if you decorate the inside of a steam room with coniferous wood (pine or spruce), then after several washes the walls will darken and acquire a gray, unsightly tint. Moreover, regardless of what protective compounds they were treated with. We invite you to look at the photo of the interior decoration of the steam room. Perhaps they will give the reader some thoughts:

Interior of a washroom in a bathhouse: finishing features

A washing room in a bathhouse is a room whose walls are constantly exposed to splashes or even jets of water, which means you need to take care in choosing a material taking this nuance into account. If we are talking about wood, then larch or linden is used - these varieties are best suited for such operating conditions. However, the best option would be to finish the floor and walls with tiles.

The best photos of the interior decoration of the bath: shower room or cabin

Today, home craftsmen prefer shower cabins, which is not surprising. They can be installed in a washing room, their installation is simple, and such devices will not take up much space. The finishing is done in the style of a washroom or is not required at all if the shower cabin was purchased in a store, factory-made. Below you can see what a shower room might look like in a bathhouse interior:

Relaxation room in the bathhouse - interior design of the required premises

Such rooms are designed to allow you to take a break from the hot steam. The temperature in them is maintained cool, which is facilitated by the good thermal insulation of the steam room and the location between it and the dressing room of the washing room.

Decorating a relaxation room involves the use of various materials - strict requirements, as in the decoration of a steam room or washing room, are not imposed on them, but the aesthetic appearance is even more important here. Darker tones are used. The ideal wood for finishing a dressing room would be bog oak.

And a few more photos of the interiors of the bathhouse and relaxation room:

Looking at these photos of the interior design of bathhouses with rest rooms, it’s hard to believe that the finishing was done by craftsmen without any experience or education as a designer, but this is a fact.

Is it rational to use lining or not?

is often discussed online , photo. They use lining every now and then, so users are interested in its advantages:

- low cost;

— simple installation;

- protective properties. The interior lining of the bathhouse on the lining may vary. There is a step-by-step plan about shelves and lighting. However, the log has its own characteristics. It is important not to forget about the integrity and surface treatment. To equip the room, products for washing and steam rooms are processed. The lining is sheathed with cotton wool or foil.

Beautiful examples

There are many interesting ideas for decorating baths, many of which can be used as inspiration for renovation or construction.

The first example is a classic bathhouse with wooden walls, floors and even a ceiling. All this is made of logs, covered only with a protective layer of varnish. Only in such a steam room can you truly relax. She looks traditional, and that is where her main charm lies. The bathhouse is divided into two main parts - a place to relax and the steam room itself. Both of them are made in the same style and decorated with brooms made of dry herbs. This decor not only looks beautiful, but also fills the room with incredible aromas. Moreover, this kind of decoration is quite inexpensive, because you can collect herbs for brooms yourself in the summer.

As for the functional content of the rooms, everything is simple. The steam room contains everything you need for proper relaxation and bathing. The dressing room can become a place for intimate gatherings with friends. There is a large table and chairs with comfortable backs. It can accommodate a traditional Russian samovar, delicious food and a little alcohol to lift your spirits.

The relaxation area in the bathhouse can be made not only in the traditional Russian style. The next example is a luxurious large room, stylized as an expensive classic. The finishing materials used here include wood, slab, and stone. Despite the fact that there are a lot of them, they all organically combine with each other.

The room is decorated in cozy brown and gray tones. Wooden walls and ceilings are combined with cozy brown armchairs, and a neat stone wall is combined with tiled floors. Since the recreation room is quite large, it can be divided into several zones at once. The main one is intended for gatherings with friends. There are chairs and several tables. The rest of the space is freer and can be used as you wish.

Decorative details deserve special attention. It is they, along with thoughtful decoration, that create an atmosphere of luxury in this room. Decorative details include paintings on the walls, forged lamps, and soft pillows.

The last room option is a steam room, decorated in a modern style. Everything here is very simple and minimalistic. The decoration of the entire room is made of light wood, as is the fence for the small stove filled with stones. It is convenient, stylish and safe. Only one of the walls is decorated with stone. It is located behind the stove, which increases its safety. Decorative details in the steam room would be superfluous, so there is only what is needed for a good rest.

Building a bathhouse and finishing all its surfaces is a responsible task. After all, not only the appearance of the room, but also how healthy the atmosphere in the rooms will depend on the choice of materials. Therefore, it is worth taking into account all the information provided about different types of finishing, and then the bathhouse will turn out exactly the way you want it to be, and it will really be pleasant to relax in it and spend free time in the company of loved ones.

For details on the intricacies of finishing a bath, watch the following video.

To do lathing or not to do it

Decorating a bathhouse with your own hands often begins with preparing the sheathing. There are pros and cons here. Craftsmen talk about the need to install it, since it puts a lot of pressure on the wall along with the insulation. If the bathhouse is lined with clapboard from the inside, then there is no need for lathing. The finishing of baths and saunas should be according to the scheme, since the materials are different, as well as the technologies.

Materials for thermal protection of frame baths

When choosing insulation for a frame bath, it is necessary to take into account not only the thermal insulation characteristics of a particular material, but also its ability to withstand significant temperatures at a constant high level of humidity.

In addition, the insulation for a sauna building, when heating the room, should not emit toxic compounds that negatively affect the health of people receiving the procedures.

In order to improve the thermal insulation parameters, insulation of a frame bath, such as in the photo, can be done using the following materials:

Mineral wool. Its slabs consist of thin fibers, which are obtained by melting rocks or waste from metallurgical enterprises. In the process of weaving a large number of these fibers, air is retained between them, due to which the products have excellent thermal insulation qualities. As a result of the peculiarities of mineral wool production, the material can withstand very intense heating while its performance characteristics do not change. Such slabs retain heat-saving properties in conditions of high humidity and do not collapse.
Reed slabs. They are natural and environmentally friendly heat insulators. Their thickness is 15 centimeters and this parameter is very convenient when building frame structures.
Insulation made of sawdust-gypsum mixture. To make it, you need to mix 10 parts of dried small sawdust with 1 part of cement (gypsum). Insulating a frame bathhouse from the inside using this mixture has a significant advantage - affordable cost and excellent thermal insulation (read: “How and with what to insulate a bathhouse inside - tips from a master”).
Foamed synthetic products - polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, etc. They have a number of advantages, including low price, immunity to moisture, ease of installation, low weight, and low thermal conductivity. But these synthetic insulation materials cannot be installed on elements of a bathhouse building, where exposure to high temperatures is possible, so they are used to insulate walls located away from the stove. They are placed in the dressing room, rest areas or washing area.

Doors and windows

Let's move on to our sore subject of windows and doors in the bathhouse. It is these elements that most often fail and are the cause of warranty claims. We got tired of them.

Today, we recommend installing wooden frame doors on a movable basis at the entrance. What is the point: to make such a door, a frame is cut out of solid wood. In the center, the canvas consists of a type-setting frame board connected with a rubber gasket. Thus, the board “plays” - it dries and swells, but does not burst the frame. The contour of the door leaf does not change - the door does not jam, does not creak, or warps.

The ideal option for a sauna is glass doors. There is a huge assortment of heat-resistant glass sheets - matte, tinted - this is exactly what we install in our customers’ baths. Wooden sauna doors last much less, tested.

Subtleties:

Before ordering a bath, check with the company about the range. If you are offered a standard panel, it is better to refuse and purchase a door kit yourself. Cheap wooden doors are not intended for installation in a bathhouse, where there is a high humidity environment.
The same goes for wooden double-glazed windows - let them show you the options first. Pay attention to the strength of the structure and the quality of the fittings. Cheap windows don't have good locks and handles.

Thermal insulation of the wall next to the stove

For the wall frame and insulation located close to the sauna stove, it is necessary to create additional protection to prevent the influence of high temperatures on them. Some experts consider the best choice when solving this problem to be the use of asbestos sheets and slabs.

But since there is an opinion that asbestos is harmful to human health, it is advisable to choose more modern options, including needle-punched mats, isolon, basalt fabrics and others. All of the listed materials can withstand temperatures of several hundred degrees and therefore are able to ensure absolute fire safety.

Fireproof protection is installed in one of two ways:

decorative trim on top;
directly onto the vapor barrier layer.

Some nuances of construction

In order to competently make a steam room with your own hands, you need to know the nuances that can help in arranging a bathhouse. First of all, you need to find out what building materials and tools are needed for the work. The most important thing is the ability to correctly select and install the main elements of the steam room: floor, ceiling, shelves, stove, lighting, ventilation, door and window openings.

When building a bathhouse, it would be a good idea to take into account some nuances.

When choosing a stove, you need to pay attention to the following technological and design features: the number of stones and the rate of their heating, the material of the grate in the firebox, the heat resistance of the steel lining, power, and the appearance of the unit. On average, a steam room with an area of 22 m² requires a stove with a power of 24 kW

This will allow you to heat the steam room, as well as adjacent rooms: dressing room, washroom and locker room. If you wish, you can make a stove with your own hands. This will significantly save money.

As for the material for the floor, tiles are best suited for a bathhouse, preferably made of porcelain stoneware or natural stone. On top of it you need to lay a wooden flooring so as not to slip when moving along the floor. It is not necessary to install thermal insulation for the floor, but it is necessary to make a drain hole for accelerated drainage of water. It is not recommended to make the floor itself from wood, since this material is susceptible to deformation under the influence of moisture.

The average ceiling height should not exceed 2.2 meters. This is due to the properties of steam and the physiological characteristics of a person. If you make the ceiling higher, all the steam will go up and you won’t get high-quality vaping. If you lower the ceiling too much, there is a risk of hitting your head on it when getting up from the shelf, or the broom will constantly hit the ceiling. Window openings are optional. Doors are best made of either wood or glass. A wooden door is a traditional option, while a glass door is practical, as it will not be exposed to moisture.

What is the purpose of foil?

To achieve effective energy saving in a bathhouse, you will need to not only insulate it, but also use reflective material in the form of a special foil film. Masters claim that it helps return up to 95% of the heat into the room.

The result is that fuel for the stove is saved and the duration of the fire is reduced.

For baths, aluminum foil with a thickness of 30–300 microns is used. It is used in combination with other insulation or is already fixed as its top layer.

Therefore, before covering, they first attach insulating material to the walls and ceiling, thanks to which the heat does not escape beyond the bathhouse. An insulated steam room heats up faster and retains heat longer.

The following are the advantages of foil:

It acts as a vapor barrier and blocks the access of moisture to the insulation. The generated steam remains on the walls of the steam room.
Its service life exceeds 50 years. Wooden elements will begin to rot faster than the foil layer will deteriorate.
Excellent sound insulation. Foil can absorb up to 70% of all sounds and noise.
Fireproof raw materials. Does not burn. It will become an obstacle to the spread of fire.
Bathrooms warm up faster and take longer to cool down.
If you fix the insulation with a foil layer, then the foil will prevent it from falling off.

Among the disadvantages, the following should be noted:

When there is a difference in temperature outside and indoors, condensation appears on the surface of the material. It is important to leave a gap for ventilation before covering. If this is not done, the resulting condensate will begin to be absorbed into the sheathing, which will lead to rotting of the lining. Foil has poor throughput

As users say, she is not breathing. Therefore, the rooms must have good ventilation, both forced and natural (windows, doors). Aluminum particles accumulate in the lungs, causing various respiratory diseases. But if you use the sauna periodically, the risk of harm to health is minimal.

Features of arranging a steam room

When building a steam room with your own hands, you must adhere to the following recommendations.

Selection of oven

The main parameters on which the operation of the device depends are: the number of stones and the duration of their heating, the heat resistance of the body, the grate material, the power consumption of the unit and its design. To provide heat, in addition to the steam room, to adjacent rooms with a total area of 22 square meters, a power of 24 kW is sufficient. Making a stove with your own hands will reduce the cost of arranging a bathhouse.

Choosing a stove is an important matter

Floor covering

The best solution for flooring materials would be to use porcelain tiles or natural stone. For safe movement, a boardwalk is laid. Thermal insulation of the floor is not required. In this case, one of the requirements for the floor is the installation of a hole for draining water. Wood as a flooring material is not the best option, since high humidity will lead to its deformation and rapid failure.

Ceiling

For a ceiling, a sufficient height is 2.2 m, which is due to the physical properties of steam and human physiology. If the ceiling height exceeds the specified value, will the steam rise? and the effect of its influence will be lost. Reducing the height will lead to discomfort during bath procedures, as there will be a risk of head injury and difficulties will arise when working with a broom.

Windows and doors

Window organization is not a requirement.

Wood or glass are the best material options for making doors. If a wooden door is tradition, then glass is practical.

Selecting a steam source and determining a location for the furnace

An important factor when choosing a stove is the method of generating steam, the energy source and the size of the steam room.

The traditional fuel is wood, but both electricity and gas can be used. There are several types of ovens.

Wood burning

Installing such a stove will provide a unique atmosphere in the bathhouse. Even the fact that such a device requires periodic cleaning of soot from the stones cannot spoil the pleasure of taking a bath procedure. To reduce the formation of soot, aspen wood should be used as fuel. To maintain a stable temperature, it is necessary to constantly monitor the combustion process.

Steam room with wood stove

Electric

The electric heater is very easy to use. Such an electrical appliance is compact, has sufficient power and allows you to quickly reach the required temperature. Its device does not require the organization of a chimney.

The electric heater is safe for the environment and humans, its maintenance is simplified as much as possible due to the use of automation, and its design features eliminate the possibility of injury. The main disadvantage of the device is its significant energy consumption.

Electric heater

Gas

The use of a gas furnace is characterized by ease of operation, high heating speed and maintenance of the set temperature in the steam room. A significant disadvantage of this device is the dimensions of the furnace and the significant need of the device for gas. The use of a furnace of this type is impractical if there is no connection to the gas main.

Types of heaters

The stove can be open or closed.

There are different types of heaters

In the case when several people plan to take bath procedures, the best choice would be an open type of heater. The firebox (the place where the fuel is burned) does not have fireproof masonry. It serves as a place for laying stones. This arrangement of the stove allows you to heat all the rooms of the bathhouse and allow the stones to heat up.

When exposed to water, heaters with such a device quickly lose temperature. This design is used in furnaces with electric heating.

A closed heater is a traditional way of constructing a Russian bath. At the same time, a large number of stones are located in a specially designated area of the furnace. In this case, the steam exits through a special door, the level of which is located opposite the stones of the first row. This door must remain closed during fuel combustion. To warm up the steam room, open it in advance.

Basic finishing methods

The construction of a bathhouse frame is permissible from wood, aerated concrete and foam blocks, and brick. If building standards are observed, the building will be functional. The choice of material depends on the personal considerations of the developer. In central Russia, preference is given to wood in 50% of cases. A log or beam. Another 25% falls on frame structures, the basis of which is also wood. The last quarter remains for other materials.

The interior decoration of a bathhouse built from logs, using frame technology or bricks and blocks, does not depend on the material of the box

It is important that it meets the specific requirements imposed by the functionality of the building. The most stressful conditions are in the steam room, where the humidity reaches 70% and the temperature reaches 90°C.

For the washing room and dressing room, a humidity of 40% at a temperature of 30 - 35°C and low humidity at 20 - 25°C are recommended, respectively. The given numerical values are indicative and justified from a medical point of view. In life, differences happen. When it comes to steam rooms, the rule of thumb is: higher the temperature, lower the humidity.

Lighting and electrical

An important stage in finishing a bath is wiring electricity and installing lamps. What is important to know here:

It is forbidden to sew electrical wiring under the lining. A bathhouse is an object of increased fire safety, so aesthetics are aesthetics, but safety comes first. We use corrugation for cables and wires, it looks pretty neat:

Regarding lamps, don’t skimp on sauna lighting. Using canopy lighting and decorative lamps in the corners of the room, you can create a charming atmosphere. We started doing this quite recently, but the result is so good that we definitely recommend it to every client.

This is the kind of illumination we get (be careful, the video is “buzzing”):

Kinds

Before starting finishing work, it is important to decide what types of products to cover certain rooms of the bathhouse. The generalized characteristics of all types of lining are as follows:

Breathable structure. Thanks to this property, fungus and mold rarely form on the lining, and proper ventilation is ensured.
Ecological cleanliness. This material is completely safe for humans.
Tongue-and-groove fastenings. At the dawn of the development of lining production, the fastenings were “tongue and groove”. Today, these options are not used, as they quickly fail.

To cover the inside of the bathhouse, you can use lining made from various types of wood. Uniform conditions for the material - it must be resistant to humidity, frequent and sudden temperature changes. When choosing a material, you must rely on the basic criteria of the wood species.

Wood species for lining can be as follows:

conifers;
deciduous.

When choosing a material, you need to understand for which bathhouse rooms it can be used. The most popular types of bath lining are made from:

cedar;
alders;
oak;
ash;
linden;
pine trees

Linden lining is considered the most suitable for cladding the walls of a steam room. The structure of the material is porous, low density, wood does not heat up from high temperatures. Linden has medicinal properties, releasing essential particles when heated. They are useful for the prevention of many diseases.

Linden wood is characterized by soft shades that do not change color throughout its entire service life. The only drawback of linden is its porosity - the material absorbs moisture. The room must be well ventilated.

Aspen lining has a more dense structure compared to linden. Despite its hardness, the material is easy to process. The surface of the material does not allow steam to penetrate and does not absorb moisture. Under the influence of temperature differences, it only becomes stronger.

Wells were previously built from aspen. The water in them remained clean for many years. Many craftsmen advise choosing aspen lining for a bathhouse.

Alder lining has good thermal conductivity and excellent water resistance. The material is not subject to deformation at almost any temperature. The color of the alder lining is a pleasant golden-orange.

The characteristics of the material make it possible to cladding both dry and wet bath rooms. No additional processing is required for alder lining. Alder acts on the human body as a general strengthening agent.

Cedar lining is considered an ideal option for lining a bath space. The products are quite expensive, so they are rarely used for lining baths. Cedar wood is durable and resistant to moisture. Another positive quality is the respectability of her appearance.

The medicinal qualities of cedar are known for its bactericidal properties, as well as its ability to make the air cleaner. The material does not change its original parameters for a long time. The pleasant aroma of cedar needles remains in the bathhouse rooms.

Another option for the base for lining is larch. Its installation is difficult, since the board is fragile and splits during processing. Larch is resistant to moisture. After some time, the finish acquires the required strength, but still requires additional processing. Otherwise, the material will lose its natural shade.

Larch is a conifer, but it does not emit resin, so it is suitable for finishing steam rooms. It can be used for walls, ceilings, and floors. The material is universal, it can be used both inside and outside the bath. The medicinal qualities of the material are the same as those of other conifers.

Pine lining is often used to decorate the inside of bathhouses. The price of the material is affordable, but it cannot be used in all rooms. For example, in a steam room, resin will be released from it, which will cause burns on the skin if it comes into contact with it.

However, in bathhouse rooms with normal temperatures, pine lining will create a special microclimate. In rooms with normal humidity, upholstered with clapboard, the aromas of the forest will be present. The appearance of the material will last a long time. Deformation processes may occur due to some hygroscopicity of the material.

Oak lining is famous for its strength and high density of wood. Oak is a beautiful and rich material. Oak finishing saturates the premises with essential aromas that suppress pathogenic microorganisms. Oak has high resistance to moisture and temperature changes. Oak is suitable for any bath room. The lining made from it varies greatly in color.

Choosing the wood from which the lining is made

Before sheathing the inside of the bathhouse with clapboard, the owner of the room will have to decide on the type of material and wood. First, there are two types to choose from: regular lining and its Euro version. Finishers often prefer eurolining. The reason is the appropriate length of the groove and a wide ridge, which ensures a tighter fit of the elements than when working with ordinary lining. The eurolining is also equipped with holes for ventilation. Their task is to protect the material from the formation of condensation and subsequent deformation. The service life of such lining is many times longer than that of a conventional one, since the highest grade wood is used for its manufacture.

The finishing of the bathhouse with clapboard is carried out taking into account the specifics of the room - high levels of humidity, temperature changes. These factors are taken into account when selecting wood. Species that release resin when heated are not suitable for this, including most coniferous trees.

The following types of wood are suitable for finishing baths:

Alder. Hygroscopic wood with low thermal conductivity. Used for interior decoration in country houses and baths. In addition to the pleasant aroma, the fumes it produces have a beneficial effect on human health. Medium price material. Sold in pieces up to 3 m in length.
Oak. This wood is elite and one of the most expensive. Its advantage is that the oak panel does not require additional processing or protective coatings. Oak wood is also considered eternal - the finish will last for decades even with regular use of the steam room, since such wood does not rot. African oak, abash, has similar properties. Its only difference from the usual one is its light brown color and less processing complexity.
Aspen. The wood is soft and easy to work with. Over time, its strength increases, the material tolerates high humidity and temperature changes without consequences. The only drawback of aspen lining is that over time its surface becomes dull. To return it to its original appearance, you will have to sand the outer surface of the lining with fine-grained sandpaper.
Linden. The material not only looks beautiful and is easy to process, but also emits beneficial fumes when heated. Therefore, linden is one of the traditional materials for finishing both the dressing room and the steam room. The wood is light, with a reddish or brown tint, does not dry out due to changes in humidity and has its own matte shine. The only drawback is the oxidation of iron when interacting with such lining. Metal parts in the steam room or dressing room will have to be coated with special compounds, or their use will have to be abandoned.
Cedar. Durable wood in shades from beige to coffee, the color depends on the region where the wood grows. Expensive and resistant to changes in temperature and humidity, it needs to be treated with an antiseptic before use as a finishing material. The disadvantage of cedar lining is the risk that over time the finish will begin to release resin without heating the room.
Larch. Coniferous wood with antiseptic properties. Lining made from it becomes stronger when used in rooms with high humidity. Lining is in demand, found everywhere, its price is an order of magnitude lower than that of other types of coniferous species suitable for installation in a steam room.
Hemlock. The second name of the tree is Canadian hemlock. It is resistant to temperature changes and increased humidity, and is also much higher in mechanical strength than pine. Like cedar and linden, it releases essential oils beneficial to human health when the room is heated.

Pine is used with reservation. You have to be careful when finishing the inside of the bathhouse with it - the wood releases resin when heated. This substance stains things and sticks skin to wooden surfaces. Can cause burns if heated too much. Therefore, only the dressing room and dressing room are upholstered with pine clapboard, choosing other types of wood for the steam room.

Lining a wooden bathhouse with clapboard inside: is it necessary?

The first reaction of those who learn about the owner’s decision to line the inside of a wooden bathhouse with clapboard is, of course, surprise - was it worth spending money on expensive wood if you then cover it, like in a cinder block bathhouse, with clapboard?

But here, as in the story with the Roman and his shoes - “who of you knows where they are too tight for me?” Therefore, we will proceed from the fact that, without any particular reason, the owner of a wooden bathhouse will not hide its advantages under a layer of lining.

What reason could force him to do this? First of all, the thickness of the log house or timber is insufficient. If the calculation was wrong, then it’s time to dig, or not to dig – it will still be cold. And if so, then you need to insulate yourself. When you have insulated, you need to think about finishing, and the most common one is lining.

It also happens that you want to make a thermos in a steam room - cover it with foil. And if you do this, then the foil goes into the bathhouse under the lining. Insulation may or may not be done, the main thing is to separate the foil from other materials by air space - this is both a ventilation gap and a condition for the heat-reflecting screen to work, because metal conducts heat very well, while air conducts heat very poorly.

That is, in order to sheathe the inside of a bathhouse with foil and clapboard, you need to make a lath (on top of the insulation or directly on the wall), fasten the foil to the lathing, fill the slats again, now with counter-lattens, and install the clapboard on it.

Log house inside

Of course, before you start covering the log house, you should caulk it thoroughly or otherwise eliminate all heat leakage points.

After this, the issue of additional insulation is resolved. If it is necessary, then a complete thermal insulation “pie” is installed; if not, then it is enough to do as described above: make a lath, foil, counter-lattice in the steam room and sheathe the inside of the bathhouse frame with clapboard.

Painting work

Attention, we strongly do not recommend using paints and varnishes when finishing the steam room. When heated, many of them emit toxic gases. We do not paint our baths from the inside. But we can advise you to use water-based varnishes, SUPI water acrylic impregnations from Tikkurila, the DULUX line for saunas, and domestic SENEZH.

You will say that an uncoated floor in a bathhouse will quickly become unusable. This will not happen if you strictly follow the operating instructions - thoroughly ventilate and dry wet areas.

Bathroom wall decoration

For finishing the walls of the steam room, the choice of materials is not large; the use of wood-based materials, linoleum and other chemical products is unacceptable here.

The walls of the steam room are sheathed with natural wood, clapboard, tongue-and-groove boards made from the following types of trees:

Cedar. Moisture-resistant, able to withstand high temperatures and temperature changes, cedar is most preferable for the walls of a steam room; when heated, its wood releases substances that are healing for the human body and pleasant aromas of the taiga. The boards are gentle to the touch, it’s nice to lean your back against a cedar wall. A steam room trimmed with cedar should be heated strongly for the first time and the heat should be maintained for 40–45 minutes so that the cedar weeps out the resin.
Abashi is a foreigner in our market, but is popular despite its high cost. The advantage of abasha is its ultra-low thermal conductivity, the wood practically does not heat up, plus its pleasant appearance, tactility, interesting texture and color.
Linden. A healing tree, the wood is resistant to high temperatures, does not lose its original color and appearance for 20–25 years, a real godsend for a steam room, essential linden oils heal the bronchi and treat colds. Linden has a beautiful pastel shade that decorates and slightly romanticizes the steam room space;
Larch is the most frequent guest of steam rooms, washrooms and rest rooms. Walls finished with larch are not afraid of moisture; the ephedra is well protected from swelling by resinous bags and the structure of the fibers. Wood has a varied color palette, natural shine and beauty of design. Walls finished with larch also require initial heating to maximum temperatures for 40–45 minutes in order for the resin to release. The material is inexpensive and is considered popular.
Aspen. Unfortunately, it is difficult to find on the construction market; it is not cheap, but the high cost is justified. Wood does not rot, protects log walls, repels insects and has a healing effect on the human body. She literally cures migraines and joint diseases.

Important! The use of varnishes or paints in the steam room is strictly not recommended - fumes when heated can cause poisoning. The walls of the washing room can be tiled or lined with lining of softwood

For tiling walls, you can use moisture-resistant plasterboard, OSB boards, and moisture-resistant plywood.

The walls of the washing room can be tiled or lined with lining of softwood. For tiling walls, you can use moisture-resistant plasterboard, OSB boards, and moisture-resistant plywood.

Tiles for a washing room are especially relevant in a brick building; they do not collapse under the influence of moisture, are easy to maintain, and last a long time.

Important! It is better to use glazed tiles, which are more durable. A matte, rough surface is preferable to prevent slipping, and the reverse side, smooth without porosity, will prevent fungus from occurring.

Whatever type of finishing is used in the washing room, it is worth putting rubber mats or wooden grates on the floor.

The walls in the rest room should be finished depending on how well it is protected from the penetration of steam and moisture. But for a log bathhouse you can’t think of anything better than sanded logs, however, it’s a matter of taste. Even decorative plaster of any kind, including Venetian, is suitable for brick walls. And yet, the stylistic features of the room play an important role in the decoration of the space, where you can relax after a pleasant procedure, sit by the samovar with friends, having a heart-to-heart conversation.

Decorative finishing of the walls is carried out after installing a layer of insulation and foil material. Tefopol, for example, perfectly seals the room, its use is permissible in the washing room and rest room, foil penofol simultaneously serves as a vapor barrier, a heat reflector, and insulation.

The need for a vapor barrier layer for a brick bathhouse is obvious, especially if the premises do not have forced ventilation. Walls must breathe. It is better to use membrane films and not save money by purchasing simple polyethylene.

Application in finishing of non-wood materials

Ceramic and clinker tiles are most often used in this way. Ceramics and clinker are resistant to moisture, high temperatures, biologically inert, not damaged by mold, rot and insects, and finally, they retain their attractive appearance and consumer qualities for a very long time. Decorating the inside of a sauna with tiles and natural stone is especially important when arranging floors, upgrading the interior of washing departments and areas located in close proximity to the stove and directly on it.

Important! When arranging the floor, great attention should be paid to safety issues. Even wet tiles should provide an acceptable level of grip on a person's sole.

An important characteristic should be considered the resistance of mineral materials to sudden temperature changes. Serious manufacturers in their production range have product samples that can resist both heating and deep cooling without consequences. In conditions of cyclical use of a sauna in the cold season, this quality is extremely important.

A home sauna finished with classic ceramic tiles with low surface adhesion can be used without problems if easily removable wooden gratings are laid on the surface of the ceramic floor. Naturally, the flooring must be made of durable wood that is not afraid of getting wet. Ease of installation can guarantee the possibility of periodic drying of such structures as needed.

Bathhouse like a bathhouse

The simplest decoration of a Russian bath is simply its absence, see fig. More precisely, the absence of a continuous finish: a bathhouse made from wild logs selected to size breathes perfectly on its own thanks primarily to the open ends of the logs - along the fibers the tree absorbs and releases water vapor several times faster than across the layers, but it warms up from thermal radiation and from contact with heated air evenly. Therefore, in the original Russian bathhouse, the required temperature and humidity ratio is naturally maintained over a wide range of heating intensity.

Interiors of log baths

The original Russian bathhouse comes in 3 types - vigorous, made of oak, kondovaya, most often made of pine, and light, linden. The latter is the most useful, but if linden timber appears on sale, it is prohibitively expensive. A complete replacement for it in terms of sanitary and hygienic indicators, but only for 5-7 years, is poplar. Steaming in a vigorous oak bath is not for everyone’s health; It is definitely not recommended for women and children.

A pine bathhouse without interior decoration will be useful and quite fragrant if it is made from ordinary commercial pine-dried chips. Expensive, but extremely resistant to moisture, rot and pests, pitch pine is used for 1-2 lower crowns. However, the pine bath must first be “burnt”, the remaining volatile substances must be expelled from the logs, and the heavy fractions of resins must be forced to bituminize. To do this, in the summer, in dry hot weather, in the new bathhouse, in the morning, open all the doors, entrance and interior, windows, upper vents (see below) wide open and empty all containers, including the waste pit, if it is under the floor. Then the stove is heated to maximum until lunchtime; here for the first time you need an eye and an eye - suddenly there is something wrong in the fireproof cutting of the pipe (also see below). After lunch, the firebox is stopped, the bathhouse is allowed to cool until the next morning, and this procedure is repeated 3-5 times. If the weather turns bad, it’s okay, a break won’t hurt.

Methods for caulking a log house

However, you can use a Russian log bathhouse without additional finishing only if the log house is properly caulked. Since ancient times, baths were caulked with moss, but now the best option is jute. During the construction process, the crowns are caulked in a stretched strip (see figure on the right), and after dry shrinkage of the frame, the cracks are hammered into the set with jute rope (top left photo in the figure above). If the bathhouse is built in compliance with these requirements, the floor in it is also laid as it should be, see below, and properly burnt, only decorative functions remain behind its finishing; you just need to leave more wall surfaces free and not cover the outer and inner ends of the logs.

About finishing the sauna

Finishing a traditional sauna

The northern country of Finland has never been rich in forests suitable for building a bathhouse. The abundant spruce there is not the best option in this case: it is difficult and time-consuming to remove resin from its solid mass. Therefore, the Finns initially assigned the medical and health functions of the bathhouse to its less expensive internal lining: the traditional finishing of the sauna is a plank stand made of seasoned spruce boards, see fig.

Avid Finnish sauna lovers, having steamed in their own and in a real Russian sauna, say: yours is better. Not by much, but it still feels better. However, a sauna is much simpler, cheaper, can be made compact, even in the nook of a city apartment, and even mobile, which is what determined its wide distribution. The design of the sauna is very plastic, therefore, if you want to get a sauna, then when finishing using the methods described below, use seasoned air-dry spruce for the cladding.

Bathroom and washroom

Finishing the inside of the sauna involves installing a bathroom. The sink can be designed for one or several people. An unusual solution would be to move the washing room to a separate room.

The question remains of how to properly build a bathhouse inside. The style of the bathroom is closer to the classics. Decorating the inside of a bathhouse with your own hands, step-by-step instructions also involves considering postmodern elements. properly decorate the room if you calculate the dimensions. Step-by-step instructions include a plan for laying water supply and sewerage. On plumbing, coordination occurs immediately. Baths and saunas made of logs are safe with elements that do not heat up on their own. Construction includes design stages where the properties of the elements are immediately assessed.

Basic requirements for wood wall coverings

When choosing a lining, you need to consider a number of requirements:

Moisture resistance. The boards must be resistant to moisture, so that premature rotting does not begin, and dry quickly, which also protects them from rot. Smoothness. High-quality lining has a flat, smooth surface. The absence of knots, gaps, and roughness eliminates the risk of mechanical damage to the skin and penetration of excess moisture into the coating. Low thermal conductivity

An important quality, since you can get burned on wood that is too hot. Hygiene. The wood should be easy to clean.

It is better to choose linden for the steam room, since it is easy to clean, has low thermal conductivity, and has beneficial properties. Larch also meets most requirements. Low thermal conductivity, strength, density, positive effect on the body, and moisture resistance make larch stand out among other species.

According to experienced builders, it is better to use African oak (abashi). Low thermal conductivity, strength, lightness, resistance to rotting and deformation, absence of chips, cracks, beautiful wood pattern of abashi make it a bestseller, but there is one drawback - too high cost.

Wood should not be treated with stain, varnish, or other chemicals, since when the air is heated they will release harmful substances.

Selection of lining

Roof

The truss structures are assembled for convenience on the ground, after which they are raised and secured above their corresponding racks. For convenience, temporary flooring made of 50 mm boards is placed on the beams.

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You should make a ventilated roof to avoid rotting of the rafters. As a rule, corrugated sheeting and ondulin are used as roofing.

Finishing inside the steam room

Since buildings are made of different materials, owners are interested in whether there is any difference in how to decorate a steam room in a bathhouse, say, from brick or foam concrete. In principle, there are no differences even at the level of constructing an insulating pie, and even more so the finishing does not depend on what the walls of your bathhouse are built from.

However, options do exist.

Interior decoration in a bathhouse made of timber or logs

A beam or log is a material that in itself has excellent decorative qualities, so there is no point in hiding it under the skin, unless your area is in the Arctic cold, that is, if the thickness of the log or beam is enough to keep warm.

In this case, the owner’s main concern will be insulating the joints with inter-crown insulation between logs or beams and sealing them (which we will discuss separately). In addition, finishing works include protecting log walls from various misfortunes (fire, water, insects, fungi and bacteria) and revealing the decorative properties of wood - both are done with the help of impregnations.

BUT! In the steam room, protective measures are limited to antiseptic on the lower rims and impregnation for the walls as a whole, which will protect them from water.

A well-sanded log has a beautiful “moire” pattern, which can be made more visible with the help of varnish or impregnation. On our website parilochka.com there is an article that talks about paints and varnishes that are acceptable for processing steam rooms.

Finishing with clapboard in a bathhouse made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, brick, frame

The finishing of a steam room in a bathhouse built from the materials listed in the title will in the vast majority of cases be reduced to clapboard cladding. This is the easiest way to make the interior “wooden”. In addition, lining is a convenient and affordable material, and the difference in profiles gives the owner the freedom to choose according to his tastes.

Baths not built from wood are usually insulated. In this article we will not describe the thermal insulation pie - you can read about it in this article on our website. However, we will spoil it: methods of thermal insulation finishing of a steam room in a bathhouse made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, etc. are the same. And the lining is the final stage of this finishing.

The lining is attached to the counter-lattice. There are several ways to attach it inconspicuously. Previously, this was most often done with finishing nails through a groove, but this is hard work, especially when compared with the modern method of fastening to staples or nails using a pneumatic gun through clamps. As an option, you can attach it to self-tapping screws.

IMPORTANT! Clippers do not replace fastening with nails or staples, they only simplify it. A nice and convenient addition.. Watch the video, which clearly demonstrates the method of fastening the lining using clamps:

Watch the video, which clearly demonstrates the method of fastening the lining using clamps:

Regarding the finishing of the steam room with clapboard, it is worth saying one more thing: there are two mounting options - vertical and horizontal. Accordingly, the counter-lattice should go in a perpendicular direction.

Since we are talking about a humid and hot room, it is worth noting that vertical fastening of the lining is not optimal. Each individual lamella with this arrangement is moistened unevenly, which leads to stress inside the wood. In the future it may crack.

At the same time, horizontal fastening makes the lamellas moisturized more uniformly. The main thing is not to forget when fastening that the groove should be on top, and the tenon should enter it from below. Then water will not flow into the lock.

In addition to the above, the described types of lining installation also have this feature: vertical fastening visually makes the room taller, and horizontal fastening makes the room appear lower.

Making the floor in the steam room

The interior lining of the bathhouse starts from the floor, so the plan is evaluated:

— removal of the old ceiling;

— surface cleaning; — preparation of racks; - surface treatment; — formation of the basis. The inside of the baths is very similar in terms of flooring. The bars are laid around the perimeter and after that the boards can be nailed. The finishing of the steam room in the bathhouse, photos and paintings are often evaluated on the Internet You can see on them that the installation of the material begins either from the far or near wall.

If the floor needs to be tiled, it is important to follow the plan:

— cleaning;

— marking;

— alignment;

- styling.

At the design stage, all corners and tile joints are marked. The material is suitable for various room formats, so it can be changed in the future. In the case of the floor, the surface is prepared according to the standards.

Not only the inclination of the surface is taken into account, but also the degree of curvature. Novice craftsmen believe that they can quickly cope if they immediately lay tiles on the floor. Even manufacturers often indicate on their products that they eliminate floor defects.

For example, there is a concrete floor with bumps. Experts talk about screeding, but there is no desire to raise the level much. Then the craftsmen advise scraping off part of the concrete. Such work is labor-intensive and does not guarantee a good result. In the case of flooring, the following difficulties arise:

- large surface;

— restrictions on materials;

- the need to use powerful power tools.

If you neglect the work, it turns out that you choose not floor tiles, but ordinary tiles. It is not designed for loads; cracks appear immediately. When fixing, specialists also observe deviations from the norm.

For example, humidity restrictions are not taken into account. After the first serious increase in the indicator, the adhesive properties of the product decrease. After this, the row of tiles immediately goes to the side, and it is not realistic to redo such work without complete dismantling. The second point is power tools for flooring. Since the materials are high density, low speed tools generally do not provide adequate performance. It takes a long time to trim the tiles, plus fixing them.

Adhesive mixtures are suitable for different flooring options:

— multicomponent;

- universal.

Multicomponent adhesives are homogeneous. Manufacturers provide their own recommendations for use. For the floor, some advise starting with stirring, and then applying soy mixture to the surface. If the manufacturer writes about multi-layer coating, this means that the adhesive properties leave much to be desired.

In second place are universal goods. For example, the mixture is suitable not only for floors, but also for walls. The composition indicates different materials. Products may contain resins or solvents. Modern products are based on PVA, as well as casein.

Not recently, starch has been on the agenda. Such substances have their pros and cons. The type of surface and material is important.

Ways to fasten the lining

Two types of fasteners are used for installation.

Kleimers

Safe type of installation. Doesn't damage the planks.

Having fixed the bracket on the tenon, it is attached to the sheathing beam. You need to start from the center, then move to the edges, maintaining verticality or horizontality. Claypers are used for laying lining on ceilings and walls. If necessary, it will be possible to dismantle several planks without damaging other elements of the bathhouse design.

Nails or screws

For the self-tapping screws, pre-drill a hole with a diameter slightly smaller than the size. Self-tapping screws are screwed into a tenon or groove at an angle of 45 degrees.

The nails are simply driven into the slats in the right places. To avoid rust on the surface, it is recommended to use copper or galvanized nails. But it is worth considering that they will cost twice as much as usual.

In any case, the cap will be flush with the bar. Places of fasteners are sanded and polished. There should be no burrs or defects left on the surface.

And now the shelves

Arrangement of a bathhouse inside, a photo with your own hands, looks interesting, since shelves are required. You can take structures on one or two tiers. Finishing the inside of a bathhouse with your own hands requires that the master evaluate the free space. The plan and decoration of the bathhouse look good when the ceiling height is calculated. Shelves can take up approximately 20% of the total space. The different options vary in degree of difficulty. The single-tier type for finishing a bath is considered the simplest.

First, it is important to take care of the frame and install the side supports. A bathhouse made of timber will be comfortable for vacationers when the proportions are met. The depth of the shelves is 30-40 cm. finished with varnish for wet rooms.

Step-by-step instructions for installing electrical wiring in a bathhouse with your own hands

Before work, a general scheme for the electrification of the bathhouse must be prepared. Beginners should not undertake such a process without the supervision of a specialist. This should only be done under the clear guidance of a specialist, otherwise it risks a short circuit due to connection errors.

The distribution box, sockets, and switches can only be installed in a dry room. A dressing room or rest room would be suitable.

The entire installation process consists of four steps.

Electrical panel installation

Occurs subject to the following conditions:

The place for installation is dry, well ventilated.
Condensation does not accumulate in the room, there is no high humidity.
You can freely approach the shield.
The area of the room is brightly lit.
The recommended mounting height of the box is 1.5 – 1.8 m from the floor.
In small baths, it is permissible to use a three-core cable for single-phase wiring.

Electrical wiring starts from the central panel.

It is equipped with:

input circuit breaker;
RCD;
automatic machines for boiler, electric heater, lamps.

The power calculation for each individual machine is also carried out.

Wiring

Depending on the material of the bath, an open or closed installation method is used (discussed in the section above). Near the electric one they often run a wire for the Internet and telephony.

Output of switches and sockets

When the cable is laid, you can begin to assemble sockets and switches. The recommended installation distance is 90 cm from the floor. They are fixed in all rooms except the steam room. If the elements will be located near the steam room, then it is better to choose options with protective covers.

Lighting installation

For lighting, devices of protection class IP44 are used.

In the steam room and shower room, waterproof lamps are installed that are mounted on the wall.

Fiber optic lamps are in demand. They are resistant to temperature changes, humidity, and provide soft, diffused, relaxing light.

Built-in lamps look great, especially when the finishing is done with clapboard.

The recommended body material is metal; it is better to take lamp shades from glass. These are the requirements for lamps in a steam room. In other rooms there are no restrictions on the choice of lighting fixtures.

Advantages and disadvantages of frame construction

Among the advantages of such a construction:

Minimum assembly time. Carefully thought-out technology allows you to build baths of different sizes very quickly.
Environmental friendliness of raw materials. The main material is wood. There will always be a pleasant aroma of natural wood inside the bathhouse.
There is no need to pour a massive foundation under the building. A columnar base or screw piles (depending on the type of soil) will suffice.
The structure warms up faster, unlike brick or log baths.
Fuel economy. For a good heating of such a bathhouse, you will need 2–3 times less firewood than for a brick one.
Low price for materials.
Possibility of construction at any time and weather.

Among the disadvantages of a frame bath:

For year-round operation, the building will have to be insulated, which will entail additional costs.
External and internal finishing of the structure is required.
The bathhouse needs periodic antiseptic and fire retardant treatment.
There is a high probability of the bathhouse shrinking after 1.5–2 years. Shrinkage can be up to 10 cm. Because of this, deformation of the finish occurs inside and outside.