Features of the Russian bath
The Russian bathhouse, which our ancestors built, includes two sections: a dressing room and a steam room. The largest size of this room is 2.3x4 m, the smallest is 5x6 m. Baths with such dimensions are again popular.
1 - dressing room; 2 - steam room and washing room; 3 — shelves; 4 - oven
The construction of a traditional Russian bathhouse implies:
- creation of a shallow columnar foundation based on boulders, without a base;
- assembly of a log house from selected wild logs, that is, material that has not been subjected to any processing other than removing the bark and drying;
- construction without using nails;
- plugging cracks with moss and tow;
- installation of a flat ceiling;
- insulation of floor and ceiling coverings with moss and peat;
- waterproofing the structure with resin and shoe polish;
- making a sod or shingle roof;
- creating a brick oven.
Types and types of brooms
- Birch broom is the most popular and famous broom, which has anti-inflammatory and disinfecting properties. Birch broom is especially useful for heavy smokers, because it helps remove toxins and waste from the lungs.
- An oak broom is useful for people with oily skin. Oak leaves contain tannins, which dry out the skin, removing its top oily layer. An oak broom helps normalize blood pressure and eliminates excessive sweating.
- Linden broom is useful for colds and inflammatory diseases. Linden leaves contain substances that can normalize sleep and improve skin condition.
- Bird cherry broom. The leaves of this broom contain a substance that promotes the healing of minor abrasions and wounds. A steamed bird cherry broom spreads a pleasant and healing aroma into the steam room. This option is especially popular with women who combine a visit to the steam room with an aromatherapy procedure.
- Walnut broom is recommended for use by people suffering from diabetes.
- Juniper broom has a positive effect on the nervous system and normalizes the emotional state.
- A fir broom removes waste and toxins from the body and reduces swelling of the face and legs. It also relieves an attack of radiculitis well and relieves insomnia.
- Eucalyptus broom cures colds and eliminates allergies.
When going to the bathhouse, in addition to a broom, you should take with you the following items:
- Terry robe and towel.
- Rubber flip-flops.
- Felt hat.
- A hard mitten and a washcloth.
- Clean sheets and linen.
- Drinks include herbal teas, still drinking water, and kvass.
You can order the finishing of a Russian bath or Finnish sauna on our website or by calling: 8 (499) 110-97-56.
Preparation for construction: drawings and dimensions
When drawing up a bathhouse design, you should not forget that the steam room and washing room will be used by several people at once. Therefore, the area and dimensions of the bath should be determined without making serious mistakes.
The second version of the bath differs in the arrangement of the shower
In order for each user to be comfortable in the bathhouse, he needs to allocate at least 1.8 m² in the dressing room and 1.5 m² in the steam room. The average total usable area of a bathhouse for a family is 10 m². In this case, the most space should be in the dressing room, and less in the steam room and washing department.
So that people of any height can wash in Russian, the ceiling should be built at a height of 2.4 meters.
When determining the height of the ceiling, it is taken into account that the building will soon settle
At the construction planning stage, it is necessary to reflect in the drawing the area for arranging the vestibule. This room may be needed as a place to block the path of cold air from the street.
For a vestibule, 2.32 square meters is enough. m
Conclusion
In this article we looked at how to set up a steam room in a Russian bathhouse with your own hands. As you can see, there are a lot of small nuances here, but if you show persistence and patience, and also take into account the advice, then you will succeed. In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.
Scheme of insulation and sealing of a chimney for exhaust gases
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Recommendations for choosing material
Followers of traditions are recommended to build a bathhouse from high-quality coniferous wood. This material is not fragile, and most importantly, it lasts a long time. The needles are also distinguished by their environmental cleanliness and low thermal conductivity, that is, they do not release heat and at the same time interfere with air exchange. A unique property of this tree is its resistance to various climate conditions.
Such a wooden building must stand on a reliable foundation
For construction, you can take one of two types of coniferous wood:
- rounded round logs;
- solid beams.
Experienced builders advise building a bathhouse from beams, since this material is cheaper and it is much easier to build walls from it. In addition, timber construction works well without a bulky foundation.
The timber structure looks simple, but is easy to assemble
If you opt for rounded logs, you may be severely disappointed: a log structure takes a long time to settle, which is why it will not be possible to put it into operation earlier than a year and a half after construction. Unlike a log bathhouse, a timber structure can be safely used six months after the completion of construction work.
When purchasing beams, you should use a tape measure to check the material for compliance with the specified dimensions, and then make sure that the building materials are of good quality. To do this you need to do the following:
- visually examine the material and remove defects from the prepared batch, that is, bars whose color is uneven or unnatural and indicates poor drying of the product;
- see if there are any building materials with large cracks, bluish spots, wormholes or other damage among the beams, and put them aside;
Every beam needs inspection
- pay attention to the edges of the material and make sure that the growth rings on both sides are exactly the same in size.
A little more about the process
Before entering the steam room for the first time, you should take a warm shower, without using soap or body gel, so as not to wash off the protective film from your skin. When taking a shower, do not get your hair wet, as wet hair can cause heat stroke. You need to put a felt hat on your head.
The first run, during which the body must get used to the increased temperature and humidity. During your first visit, you need to take a broom with you and soak it in hot water. It is not recommended to steam during the first run.
During the second run, you need to start steaming. Lightly tapping the broom, walk from top to bottom along the body. Patting should be slow and gentle.
Breaks
You need to take breaks between entering the steam room. The duration of the break should be longer than the stay in the steam room. During breaks, it is recommended to drink warm herbal tea or water, since the body loses a lot of water in the steam room.
Completing the procedure
Before the last entry into the steam room, you need to rub your body with a hard mitten or washcloth. This will help open the skin pores. If you want to combine a visit to the steam room with cosmetic procedures, then this should be done during the last time you enter the steam room. After leaving the steam room, wash off the mask with a warm shower and wash your hair and body under warm water.
A few recommendations for Russian bath lovers
- Only seasoned people can plunge into the cold water of an ice hole or rub themselves with snow. Beginners should use the pool.
- After leaving the steam room, it is not recommended to lie down; it is better to walk around a little.
- If you feel the slightest deterioration in your health, you should immediately leave the steam room.
If you use all the possibilities of hot steam correctly, then steam room lovers can only get benefits for their body.
Step-by-step construction of an object with your own hands
Construction is taking place in stages:
- along the perimeter of the future building and under its load-bearing internal walls, pits are created to form a strip foundation;
- sand is poured onto the bottom of the trench, the finished “cushion” is pressed and watered;
- the pits are filled with reinforcing bars and liquid concrete, the layer of which is smoothed with cement mortar;
Before pouring concrete, formwork is constructed from boards
- the base for a brick kiln is formed from concrete;
- several layers of waterproofing material treated with bitumen mastic are placed on the platform;
- assemble the frame, connecting the beams using the method “at the corners in a paw, and the ends in half a tree without a trace”, laying insulation between them and installing dowels through each row at a distance of 20 cm from the edge;
The corners are connected in 4 steps, and the ends are connected in 3 steps - prepare a platform for the floor, that is, pour a 10 cm layer of sand, press it, and then cover it with a 10 cm layer of crushed stone;
- the crushed stone is covered with sheets of roofing felt, the edges touching several centimeters;
- cement is placed on the roofing material, creating a screed with a slope, thereby arranging the flow of waste water towards a sewer pipe built into the ground and leading to a separately dug hole;
- a facing material is glued onto the hardened cement screed, and a wooden sheathing is placed on top of it;
Wooden sheathing on the floor prevents your feet from touching the cold floor
- floor beams are attached to the upper bars of the walls in a horizontal position;
- the installed beams are connected with iron brackets to the rafters - thick beams;
- fasten the rafter legs to each other using ridge beams;
- the rafters are covered with rolled waterproofing sheets and wooden flooring - the basis for the roofing material;
- create a ceiling, that is, lay out boards every 2.5 meters for non-load-bearing walls;
- A vapor barrier film is laid on top of the ceilings and thermal insulation material is placed.
General information about building a bathhouse
The main differences from other bath rooms:
- Temperature mode - for a Turkish bath it is +40...+60 degrees, for a Finnish bath it is more than +80 degrees, and for a Russian bath it is from +60...+80 degrees.
- Type of steam (wet or dry).
- Steam culture - with a massage scrub, brooms, or just sweat and take a shower.
- Construction - with heated floors, with a stove made of metal, wood or bricks.
When building a Russian bathhouse, not just the stove itself will be important, but also the structure as a whole. The ideal option is to build a room from solid logs, ideally wild ones. There are other types of bath projects, which are classified based on the materials from which they will be built.
Finishing
Finishing work begins after the structure has settled. First of all, all surfaces inside the bathhouse are coated with an antiseptic composition.
Interior finishing involves performing tasks such as:
- installation of sheathing directly on walls and ceilings;
- laying insulation and vapor barrier material into the gaps of the sheathing;
- flooring of lining or other facing material.
Lining is laid on the ceiling and wall
If the most popular construction raw material for the interior decoration of a bathhouse has become only lining, then many materials are in demand for cladding the external walls of a building:
- vinyl or metal siding;
- plastic lining;
- block house imitating the appearance of a log house;
- edged or unedged boards, characterized by a low price.
The material extends the service life of the structure
Finding stones for a sauna room
It is customary to use igneous rocks in the steam room. Formed during a volcanic eruption, they are resistant to extreme heat. Igneous rocks that have a positive effect on human energy include:
- polished or chipped jadeite, the main feature of which is beauty;
- talc chloride, capable of absorbing moisture and, evaporating it, creating the desired steam in the bath;
- basalt that can withstand high temperatures.
In addition to benefits, this stone gives aesthetic pleasure
Metamorphic rocks can be placed on the stove, which tend to normalize blood composition and improve well-being. We are talking about stones such as:
- white quartz, called hot ice, which releases ozone when cooled rapidly;
- crimson quartzite, the second name of which is the royal stone.
This stone goes perfectly with brickwork
To create steam in a bathhouse, you can use fully crystalline rocks, for example:
- dunit;
- serpentinite
These stones are able to regenerate cells of the nervous system, increase immune strength and have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the thyroid gland.
The length of such a stone is about 20 cm
If you want to break away from tradition, then it is better to use cast iron stones - balls produced by industry - as steam generators in the bathhouse. They instantly heat the room and retain heat for many hours. True, cast iron stones are subject to rust after a short service life and carry no useful properties for humans.
You definitely cannot place sedimentary and siliceous rocks on the stove. Their structure is porous, which means that when they cool sharply, they become covered with cracks and small particles scatter in an area of one meter.
Exploitation
The main requirement for using a bath concerns the creation of the desired temperature. In the steam room, this physical quantity should be within 55–77 degrees. The temperature indicator is selected individually, that is, it depends on the preferences of the bathhouse owner. It is customary to heat the washing room to 40°, and the rest room to 20°.
In order for the bathhouse to serve for a long time and properly, you need to use it according to the rules:
- put exclusively any dry fuel into the firebox, except for firewood made from coniferous wood;
- keep the combustion chamber door closed, thereby avoiding the escape of hot sparks;
- do not let the chimney heat up until it turns red;
- do not touch hot surfaces, including the walls of the water heating tank;
- monitor the cleanliness of bathhouses;
- ventilate the sauna sectors after each fire for four hours;
- try not to splash water on glass surfaces indoors (windows and doors);
- Clean and inspect the chimney for holes at least once a quarter.
The owner of the bathhouse will have to carefully care for wooden surfaces. Elements inside the bathhouse made of wood should be coated with special products twice a year to protect against fungi and rot. External treatment of the wooden walls of a building is recommended after two years of operation. To do this, it is better to use antiseptics that contain wax.
Wood deteriorates over time and therefore needs careful care
In order for a Russian bathhouse stove to provide the required amount of heat, you must be able to regulate the draft force. To do this, open the chamber door more or less to accumulate ash. Excessive draft will cause the furnace to heat up too much, and this will speed up the time of equipment failure. If the force forcing air into the firebox is normalized, then the stones in the bathhouse warm up to a standard temperature.
When firing the stove, you should monitor the operation of the chimney. The consumption of firewood can be minimized, and the efficiency of heat supply can be increased, just by not completely covering the chimney damper. But this is allowed to be done only after the ash chamber is completely closed.
Video: building a bathhouse from scratch
You can get true joy from building a Russian bathhouse. It is clear that this work is impossible without skills and labor, but the result evokes pride. This feeling is even stronger if the object was built on its own.
- Author: Ksenia Zubkova
My father is a builder. Therefore, I have something to tell home craftsmen. Rate this article:
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Types of firewood for a bath
In order for the bathhouse to be used not only for cleansing the skin and relaxation, but also to improve health, you need to choose firewood that has a pleasant and healing aroma.
We recommend reading:
Sandunovskie Baths - an architectural monument of Moscow
They affect the quality of the steam, bad firewood only smokes, makes the steam heavier, and it will not be so pleasant to be in such a steam room. In addition, they can even be harmful to the body.
Firewood is made from different types of trees; let’s look at the most popular options.
Birch firewood
The most popular firewood is, of course, birch. Birch produces light and healing steam that has a disinfecting effect. It has a high level of heat transfer; its bark contains birch tar, which improves the combustion process. It is recommended to store birch firewood for no more than two years, after which it loses its healing properties.
Oak firewood
Today they are considered one of the best options. Despite their high cost, such logs are economical to use; they have a dense fiber structure, so they burn for a long time. In terms of heat transfer, they are ahead of even birch logs. The steam from these logs strengthens the body, and is especially valuable for children.
Linden firewood
The linden burns evenly and quite intensely, so the steam room quickly reaches the desired temperature. But this type of firewood is difficult to light. Linden has been known since ancient times for its healing properties; it has a beneficial effect on the respiratory tract, helps with colds and promotes the healing of cuts and wounds on the skin. Like birch logs, linden logs can be stored for no more than two years.
Alder firewood
Their advantage is simple preparation; the logs do not require special conditions for drying. They heat the bath well, hardly smoke when heated, and also emit a pleasant and healthy aroma. An important advantage is that during combustion the logs produce vapors that clean the chimney of soot. It is alder firewood that is most often used to fire black baths.
Aspen firewood
They are inferior in heat transfer to other types of firewood. But this does not mean that they should not be used. Aspen firewood cleans the stove and chimney of soot, so it is recommended to use it as an additional fuel, and not as the main one.
Softwood firewood
They are rarely used to warm up a steam room. A distinctive feature of all coniferous trees is the abundance of resins, which emit a lot of smoke and soot. In addition, when burned, they spark strongly, which requires a more careful approach to the issue of fire safety. They have low thermal conductivity, which increases their consumption. But at the same time, coniferous firewood creates a unique and pleasant aroma that cleanses the respiratory system.
A wood-burning bathhouse has a lot of advantages, the main one of which is that it conveys the atmosphere of an old Russian bathhouse. In such a steam room you will enjoy bath procedures, improve your well-being, and relax both body and soul.
What could be the structure of your bathhouse?
In the Russian tradition, it is considered almost obligatory to install a bathhouse in a dacha, in a country house, and some fans manage to build it even in a city apartment. But before you build a steam room, you need to choose its type.
Which sauna should you choose?
Now there are five types of baths, which are the most popular here and throughout the world.
- Traditional Russian steam room
This is a structure built from chopped logs. It is impossible to build a Russian bathhouse without a stove. It not only heats rooms. Stones are placed on it, which heat up to +600/700°.
In the steam room they are doused with water, decoctions, infusions, and beer to create steam. The second indispensable attribute of the Russian version of the bathhouse is a broom, with which those steaming are whipped to create a kind of massage effect.
- Turkish bath
The prototype of the Turkish steam room “hammam” was the “therms” of the Romans. In a classic hammam, the first room is a dressing room with a domed ceiling, then there is a fairly large relaxation room, and then there are actually steam rooms.
The traditional design of a Turkish bath suggests that there should be several of them - with different temperature regimes - from +40 to +70°. The Turkish analogue of the Russian broom is a real massage, which is done on stone benches.
For a steamy effect in the hammam, a large cauldron of water is used, located on the stove. When the boiler gets very hot, steam begins to escape through small holes in it, filling all the rooms of the bathhouse. Now such boilers are increasingly being replaced by modern steam generators.
In addition, the source of steam is the installation of heated floors in the bathhouse, which are watered with water.
- Japanese bath
Ofuro is a small pool, rather, even a large wooden barrel. The water in it is heated to +35-40°, and the temperature in the room where it stands is +40-50°. During procedures in ofuro, the water temperature and immersion depth are regularly changed. Decoctions of medicinal herbs are often added to water.
The Japanese also have a dry version of the bath - special sawdust is poured into a heated barrel, usually cedar - they are the most fragrant. They are heated in a barrel to +50°, after which they should be immersed in it for several minutes. Often, sawdust is additionally impregnated with aromatic oils. With this option, it is necessary to install a shower in the bathhouse.
- Finnish sauna
In our country, dry heat baths are considered “Finnish saunas”. But in fact, a traditional sauna is similar to a Russian bathhouse. It also creates steam by pouring water over heated stones. Their main difference is the arrangement of a steam room in the bathhouse. The humidity level of this room in the sauna is no higher than 10-15%. In our bath – 40-90%.
The appearance, layouts and construction technologies of saunas are almost the same as our steam room. They can have different sizes, but are usually designed for 2-10 visitors. A prerequisite for construction is that the sauna must be made of wood.
In modern steam rooms it is possible to set any temperature and humidity parameters. But most often the temperature in them is 80-110°.
- Infrared sauna
The most modern and high-tech type is the infrared sauna. The internal structure of the bathhouse is very interesting - it is heated using special equipment that generates infrared radiation. Here are some tips for visiting it.
Advice from the master!
For procedures in such a bathhouse, you must take two towels with you. One will cover the bench, as it gets very hot, and the second will be used to wipe away the sweat. It has strong resistance to infrared radiation and interferes with the procedure.
It is better to visit an infrared sauna after you have taken a hot shower; thanks to this preparation, your sweat production will increase. To achieve an even greater effect from the session, it is recommended to drink a liter of mineral water half an hour before it.
First, set the temperature in the cabin no higher than +45°.
Before visiting such saunas, it is imperative to consult a doctor, since infrared rays are not beneficial for everyone.
Nowadays, there are often cases when different types of baths are combined - the design of a Russian bath is complemented by certain characteristic features of other types.
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Optimal internal structure and dimensions of Russian baths
The design features and dimensions of the steam room are determined by the given parameters of its main rooms - the locker room, washing room and steam room. Experts call the optimal ratio of the areas of these premises 2:1.5:1. But, this is not canon - you can change it according to your needs.
In the bathhouse you can make separate rooms for rest, shower, toilet. At the same time, the pipe arrangement for ventilation in the bathhouse must be such that odors from the toilet do not enter the rest of the room. If necessary, a rest room and a storage room for tools and fuel can be combined with a locker room, which will also serve as a dressing room.
A shower is complemented by a washing station in the bathhouse. In a very small bathhouse, a steam room and a washing room are often combined. The dressing room is replaced by a wide porch equipped with a canopy. Such steam rooms, consisting of only one room, are the simplest, but also the least convenient to use. Most often, their construction requires the installation of a bathhouse in the house or very close to it.
In well-equipped, separate steam rooms, a dressing room is needed, and a terrace is also desirable. It can be used for cooling and additional procedures. If you strengthen IR emitters under its ceiling, then you will get another way to improve your health.
If possible, a continuation of the dressing room is set up in the steam room - a small pool. If you don’t have one, then at least a douche device for the bath - to alternate steam procedures with hardening douses with cold water.
The area of the dressing room should be such that there is at least 1.3 m² per visitor. The width should be from 1 m. If it is increased to 1.8 m, then a bed can be installed in the dressing room.
From there you should get into the washing room. If it is not equipped with running water with hot and cold water, then tanks for them are placed in it. The dimensions of the washing compartment must be such that there is at least 1 m² of space per person.
To fence off the steam room and washing room, it is not necessary to make a door; installing a canopy in the bathhouse, hung on a light partition, will be quite sufficient.
The paired section is the most important. It is necessary to arrange a steam room in a Russian bath in such a way as to ensure the creation and maintenance of high temperature conditions and its uniform distribution.
Family steam rooms must be built so that at least 3 people can visit them at the same time. Therefore, the dimensions of the washing compartment and dressing room must be increased, and the water drainage device in the bathhouse must have increased capacity, including the sump. This way you can not only wash, but also communicate and relax normally.
You must provide that a device inside the bathhouse that makes it possible for two or three people to visit it at the same time will ensure your safety and eliminate the impossibility of providing assistance in case of accidents.
Therefore, experts recommend constructing a free-standing family bathhouse with a usable area of at least 10 m².
In this case, it is necessary to provide for the installation of partitions in the bathhouse, separating the steam room from the washing room. This will ensure that you can control the temperature and humidity of the air on the shelves; they will not depend on the temperature in the washing compartment. The arrangement of a shelf in a bathhouse is also important. It should be made comfortable for lying on.
Flooring made of boards can be of different lengths, width - from 60 cm to 1 m. It should be located near the heater. At the end farthest from the stove, place the headboard on the shelf. For paired procedures, you need to lay down with your feet facing the heater. Shelves must be made of wood: aspen, linden, pine, poplar, etc.
For your convenience, the arrangement of shelves in the bathhouse should be supplemented by a lintel (steps, approaches) attached to it. There may be several of them, depending on the height of the shelf. The width of the steps should be 30-60 cm.
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About the sauna stove
The entire healing effect of steam procedures depends on the degree of heating of the steam room.
Therefore, close attention should be paid to the design of the heater. Now the design of a sauna stove can be different. It can be wood, gas, electric, run on liquid fuel, coal or briquettes.
The most traditional for a Russian steam room is a wood-burning stove. Previously, stones were placed in it openly. Now a chimney for the bathhouse is being installed, the stones are laid out, essentially, at its beginning, and the smoke goes through the pipe into the atmosphere. The washing compartment and steam room are not contaminated with soot and soot.
Wood burning stoves are simple and create the highest healing effect. The best fuel for them is firewood from deciduous trees. For example, birch - it burns with a high and even fire. Coniferous wood often releases a lot of soot when burned. This is due to the presence of resinous substances.
It is only possible to install a stove for a wood-burning sauna on your own. Other types, if you do not have good skills, are better to purchase and preferably factory-made. It is better to place the firebox of a wood-burning stove outside the steam room.
For an electric heater, ventilation in a bathhouse is limited to installing an exhaust vent under the ceiling.
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Why firewood is better
So, the stove-heater is the heart of the entire bathhouse. The efficiency of the entire structure depends on its work. The stove, in turn, is completely dependent on the fuel materials consumed.
Gas
Gas oven
Gas heating equipment is familiar to everyone and is effective in its use.
Advantages:
- Relatively low energy prices.
- Automation of work. It is possible to regulate the temperature.
- Protection system. If the wick goes out, the flame goes out instantly.
As a result, it seems to be a convenient and economical method for raising the required temperature in a steam room.
But let's now look at the disadvantages:
- Possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning.
- Is an explosive object.
- The presence of a gas main is mandatory, which is extremely rare in suburban areas. Checkmate. No gas - no gas boiler.
Electricity
Electric stove for heating the steam room
The simplest device in its structure, which consists of a heating element, insulation and an iron body.
Pros:
- Full automation. Indication of the exact temperature for maintaining air, setting a timer and frequency of switching on - a full range of services.
- Easy to use and do-it-yourself installation. It is enough to place the device on a reliable base and connect it to power.
- High heating rate.
A great way to quickly increase the temperature in a cold house by a few degrees.
But when using such a unit in a steam room, its significant disadvantages appear:
- Electricity is required. It is much easier to install electrical wiring in a dacha than to install gas. It is enough to throw a wire from a pole or a neighbor's property. But it is worth remembering about frequent accidents on power lines in suburban areas, during which full operation of the bathhouse will be impossible.
- High heating costs. It will be quite expensive to heat the steam room to the required high temperature.
- Risk of electric shock. The presence of water vapor significantly increases the conductivity of electricity, so for safety reasons, care should be taken to insulate all contact elements.
Tree
Wood burning stove
Wood-burning saunas are time-tested structures. The founders of bathing traditions, the Scythian steam tents, used wood for heating. In addition, such fuel material is still used today in many village houses.
Advantages:
- Independence from gas and electrical wiring. The main thing is to stock up on enough firewood and you can forget about the world around you during your vacation.
Advice: It is recommended to stock up on wood for future use if possible. This will only protect you from the sudden disappearance of fuel material, and will also provide an excellent opportunity to barbecue outdoors with good company.
- Pleasant smell and environmentally friendly. After all, wood is a completely natural material.
- Possibility of installing a brick oven. Gas and electricity only require the use of metal boilers.
A disadvantage is the lack of automation, but since our ancestors managed it for centuries, it will not be difficult for our generation to master the process of lighting a stove.
Thus, a wood-burning sauna is most suitable for a summer cottage. Let's look at its fundamental differences.