You can decorate the floors and walls in a bathhouse with different materials, and one of the most popular is tile. Its big advantage is that it is not afraid of constant exposure to moisture, so if installed correctly you will not have to replace it often. It is important to know that not every tile is suitable for a bathhouse, and in order to make the right choice, you should know in advance about all the properties and characteristics of a particular coating.
Bath tiles
What is and purpose
Refractory tiles are, according to the definitions given in GOST 28874-2004 and GOST R 52918-2008, a type of molded refractory materials (products), since they are characterized by certain geometric shapes and standard sizes available for all serial products.
The main purpose of tiles made from both natural finishing stones and artificial ceramic materials, regardless of its type, be it ceiling, facade or floor, is decorative, protective cladding of the surfaces of building structures, heating household, industrial equipment, including stoves , fireplace, without which a modern bathhouse, sauna, residential or country house is impossible.
Fireproof materials and their fire resistance
Ceramic heat-resistant tiles are multifunctional products that allow solving several problems facing customers - from builders constructing objects for various purposes to private property owners:
- Create a unique interior in a residential, country house, bathhouse, sauna, using fire-resistant tiles that are suitable/liked in appearance, texture, color, pattern for decorative cladding of the external surfaces of stoves, fireplaces, including fire-resistant cuts and offsets; as well as stationary grills and barbecues located in personal plots.
- To provide protection against overheating of heating equipment, to reduce the possibility of thermal damage to people using it at home and at work.
- Increase the heat capacity of stoves and fireplaces, increase the uniform heat transfer of heating units by creating even, smooth outer surfaces that effectively act as heat shields.
Catalog with prices of products offered by DecorBrisk
White decorative stone 100 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 100 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
300 rub.
Buy stone 100 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 100 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 100 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
350 rub.
Buy stone 100 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 101 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 101 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
400 rub.
Buy stone 101 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 101 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 101 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
450 rub.
Buy stone 101 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 102 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 102 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
400 rub.
Buy stone 102 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 102 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 102 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
600 rub.
Buy stone 102 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 103 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 103 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
400 rub.
Buy stone 103 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 103 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 103 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
450 rub.
Buy stone 103 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 104 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 104 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
400 rub.
Buy stone 104 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 104 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 104 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
450 rub.
Buy stone 104 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 105 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 105 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
400 rub.
Buy stone 105 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 105 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 105 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
450 rub.
Buy stone 105 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 106 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 106 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
400 rub.
Buy stone 106 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 106 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 106 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
450 rub.
Buy stone 106 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 107 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 107 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
400 rub.
Buy stone 107 size 19/4.5/0.7
White decorative stone 107 size 21/6.5/1
White decorative stone 107 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
450 rub.
Buy stone 107 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 108 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 108 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 108 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 108 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 108 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 108 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 109 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 109 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 109 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 109 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 109 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 109 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 110 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 110 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 110 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 110 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 110 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 110 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 111 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 111 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 111 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 111 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 111 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 111 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 112 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 112 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 112 size 19/4.5/0.7
Red decorative stone 112 size 21/6.5/1
Red decorative stone 112 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of red decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 112 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 113 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 113 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 113 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 113 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 113 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 113 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 114 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 114 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
350 rub.
Buy stone 114 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 114 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 114 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 114 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 115 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 115 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 115 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 115 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 115 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 115 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 116 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 116 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
550 rub.
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Brown decorative stone 116 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 116 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 116 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 117 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 117 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
550 rub.
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Brown decorative stone 117 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 117 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 117 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 118 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 118 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 118 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 119 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 119 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 119 size 19/4.5/0.7
Brown decorative stone 119 size 21/6.5/1
Brown decorative stone 119 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of brown decorative stone
600 rub.
Buy stone 119 size 21/6.5/1
Orange decorative stone 120 size 19/4.5/0.7
Orange decorative stone 120 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior decoration.
Decorative stone price
550 rub.
Buy stone 120 size 19/4.5/0.7
Orange decorative stone 120 size 21/6.5/1
Orange decorative stone 120 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
600 rub.
Buy stone 120 size 21/6.5/1
Orange decorative stone 121 size 19/4.5/0.7
Orange decorative stone 121 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
550 rub.
Buy stone 121 size 19/4.5/0.7
Orange decorative stone 121 size 21/6.5/1
Orange decorative stone 121 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
600 rub.
Buy stone 121 size 21/6.5/1
Orange decorative stone 122 size 19/4.5/0.7
Orange decorative stone 122 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative stone price
550 rub.
Buy stone 122 size 19/4.5/0.7
Orange decorative stone 122 size 21/6.5/1
Orange decorative stone 122 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior decoration.
Decorative stone price
. 600 rub.
Buy stone 122 size 21/6.5/1
Gray decorative stone 123 size 19/4.5/0.7
Gray decorative stone 123 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of gray decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 123 size 19/4.5/0.7
Gray decorative stone 124 size 19/4.5/0.7
Gray decorative stone 124 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of gray decorative stone
550 rub.
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Gray decorative stone 123 size 21/6.5/1
Gray decorative stone 123 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of gray decorative stone
600 rub.
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Gray decorative stone 124 size 21/6.5/1
Gray decorative stone 124 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of gray decorative stone
600 rub.
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Yellow decorative stone 125 size 19/4.5/0.7
Yellow decorative stone 125 (size 19/4.5/0.7) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of yellow decorative stone
550 rub.
Buy stone 125 size 19/4.5/0.7
Yellow decorative stone 125 size 21/6.5/1
Gray decorative stone 125 (size 21/6.5/1) for interior and exterior decoration.
Price of yellow decorative stone
600 rub.
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Decorative slate Scala 200
Decorative slate Scala 200 white, size 36/8.5/1.52 for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative slate price
700 rub/m2
Buy slate Skala 200
Decorative slate Scala 201
Decorative slate Scala 201 white, size 27/8.5/1.5, for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative slate price
700 rub/m2
Buy slate Skala 201
Decorative slate Scala 202
Decorative slate Scala 202 gray color size 36/8.5/1.52 for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative slate price
800 rub/m2
Buy slate Skala 202
Decorative slate Scala 203
Decorative slate Scala 203 gray color size 27/8.5/1.52 for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative slate price
800 rub/m2
Buy slate Skala 203
Decorative slate Light 300
Decorative slate Light 300 white, size 40/9.5/1.5 for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative slate price
700 rub/m2
Buy slate Light 300
Decorative slate Light 301
Decorative slate Scala 301 beige color, size 40/9.5/1.5 for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative slate price
800 rub/m2
Buy slate Light 301
Decorative slate Light 302
Decorative slate Scala 300 brown, size 40/9.5/1.5 for interior and exterior decoration.
Decorative slate price
800 rub/m2
Buy slate Light 302
Properties and characteristics
Any types (types) of fire-resistant tile products, regardless of materials, methods of their manufacture, must have the properties required by construction, fire safety, and sanitary standards:
- Fire resistance – the ability to withstand short-term temperature exposure up to 1000 ℃.
- The maximum heating temperature on the outer surface during operation under normal conditions, which, depending on the category and purpose of the furnace equipment, varies in the range from 100 ℃ (moderate heating) to 120 ℃ (high temperature heating). The temperature limits for each type of refractory tile are determined during testing and are indicated in the accompanying technical documentation for each batch of products.
Determination of fire resistance limit
- The absence of toxic substances in the composition, including those formed during high-temperature heating, which is solved by the use of fire-resistant natural raw materials or natural materials without harmful impurities.
- Thermal conductivity, heat capacity, important properties that make it possible not to reduce the heat transfer of furnace equipment made of refractory bricks.
- Low porosity, high density, low water absorption - all these properties are inextricably linked.
- Fracture strength, point impact load.
- Resistance of paint layers and enamel coatings to external influences.
- Resistant to fading of original colors and designs.
Specifications:
Features of the floor in the bath
In the bathhouse, special operating conditions are created for finishing materials, more extreme than in a regular bathroom. This is especially true for the steam room, where the floor and wall coverings are exposed to the following aggressive influences:
- pouring water;
- superheated steam condensate;
- high temperature (up to 70 degrees) and its changes;
- mechanical influences.
Indoors, washing tiles are appropriate not only on the floor, but also on the walls
Floor coverings for use in such conditions must meet increased requirements regarding resistance to water, steam, high temperatures, wear and possible mechanical stress. Therefore, ceramic floor tiles will be an excellent choice, as they can withstand this type of impact for a long time.
Important! When choosing tiles as a floor covering in a bathhouse, you must carefully prepare the rough base for its installation. Read about how to fill the floor in a bathhouse in a special article.
A traditional bathhouse is built from a log house, so the subfloor is wooden, but with proper preparation, it will become a reliable base for tiles. Concrete screed is best suited for tiles, as it allows you to create a perfectly level base. How to correctly lay tiles on a wooden floor, read here.
The shower room in the bathhouse can be completely decorated with tiles, choosing a pattern that imitates natural stone
Advantages of tiling
Any material intended for the construction and decoration of a fireplace surface has its advantages and disadvantages; the positive features of tiles, as well as ready-made installations with such finishing, include:
- Fire resistance. Depending on the type of tile chosen, it can withstand heating temperatures of 600 degrees Celsius or higher.
- Resistance to sudden changes and drops in temperature is noted. The surface of the products practically does not expand, completely ensuring the tightness of the furnace structure;
- The cladding becomes a kind of surface protection, it allows you to preserve, accumulate, accumulate the generated thermal energy, increases efficiency and heat capacity to the maximum (80+ percent);
- The appearance of the product becomes very interesting, stylish, and unique. A simple, monochromatic, faded brick, cast iron, or steel surface is hidden;
- Resistance to impacts, deformations, melting, scratches ensure that over the years the product will not lose its original attractiveness, well-groomed appearance, bright colors, colors;
- Simple care consists of simply periodically wiping the surface from dust, soot and soot; for this there is no need to use chemical or special expensive products;
- The price of tiles can be different, the most affordable is ceramics, the intermediate option is artificial stone, majolica, tiles and natural minerals are considered the most expensive.
If you don’t have the energy or time to cladding your stove, electric fireplace, or bio-fireplace with your own hands, you can alternatively buy a completely finished cladding in our online store in any color, style, design, size, or arrangement. Delivery is carried out on favorable terms throughout Moscow and the region, prices for an assortment of domestic and foreign manufacturers are always acceptable.
How to prepare walls
Before starting work, the surface of the brick (cinder block) masonry must be prepared, namely: clean it of layers of fat (if any), dirt and dust. After this, after wetting the surface of the wall with a simple household sprayer, it is necessary to level out all roughness, sharp changes and depressions larger than 10-15 mm with the solution. In a word - do rough plaster. Next, you need to make small notches on the plaster to better attach the tiles. For work, use a simple spatula or trowel.
If the walls of the bathhouse are made of timber, then it is necessary to waterproof these walls. For such work, a simple roofing material is suitable, although you can use other rolled material. After this, it is good to secure a reinforced mesh onto the roofing material (you can use a chain-link mesh with a fine mesh). The plaster must be applied over a metal reinforced mesh using cement mortar 15-20mm thick.
Types of heat-resistant tiles
Tiles for stoves and fireplaces are varied. Main types:
- Terracotta;
- Majolica;
- Tile;
- Clinker;
- Tiles;
- Fireclay;
- Porcelain tiles;
- Natural marble;
- Fake diamond.
Terracotta
Similar tiles for fireplaces and stoves are characterized by a rough surface, imitating brick and natural stone. It can be used indoors or outdoors. Terracotta heat-resistant tiles are successfully used in saunas and baths. It is made from dense pressed clay.
The stove in the cottage is lined with Terracotta tiles.
Warm wall.
Important material characteristics:
- Impact resistance and durability;
- Resistance to sudden temperature changes;
- Fire resistance - it is produced at a temperature of 1100ºС;
- Steam and water resistance;
- Good adhesion to any adhesive base;
- High heat transfer, which is due to the textured surface, and thermal expansion corresponds to a similar characteristic of oven bricks.
Video:
Majolica
Majolica is a tile made of fired clay, covered with glaze. Often a decorative design is applied to the surface. The elements are made by hand, the high price corresponds to the labor costs. Sometimes it is combined with Metlakh tiles. Read a detailed article about majolica.
The fireplace is lined with tiles with a majolica pattern.
Fireplace cladding with majolica.
Tile
A ceramic stove (tile), even a heat-resistant one, is sensitive to sudden changes in temperature. For ovens, small matte elements (up to 20 x 25 cm) are preferable - the glaze will become cracked after a while. Usually, old tiles are used for stoves, which you don’t mind throwing away.
Tile is not recommended for rooms where the temperature can drop to sub-zero values: crumbling is possible.
Tiling the stove.
Laying such elements on clay or cement mortars is unacceptable, since the water absorption coefficient of ceramics is zero. They require special heat-resistant glue or mastic. There is a way to install without glue - in metal frames. The video shows a master class on tiling a chimney:
Clinker tiles
Such tiles for a fireplace or stove are obtained by mixing fireclay powder, several types of slate clays and other additives. The surface of the slab is not glazed. The surface color varies from white to beige, from orange to red, from light yellow to chocolate brown. The final tone is set by mineral dye.
The clinker board has a higher density than terracotta or majolica, which results in lower water resistance and better frost resistance. These characteristics make it possible to use such a coating where temperature changes are observed.
We recommend: Laying tiles in a bathhouse on the floor and walls with your own hands, choosing materials
It is not recommended to be used for finishing those stoves whose internal walls are lined with stove bricks. The coefficient of thermal expansion of materials and their structure vary too much.
Tiles
Tiles are box-shaped, have a smooth or textured surface, and are covered with glaze or enamel. It is made and painted by hand, which determines the high cost of the material.
When installed, individual elements form a pattern. The coating is characterized by high heat transfer and the highest environmental friendliness. Cost - from 30,000 rubles per square meter.
The stove lined with tiles is a real work of art.
Covering the stove and apron with handmade tiles. The tile is made of white clay and covered with glaze.
Fireclay tiles
Fireclay tiles with a single layer of brown coating and blue glaze.
Acid-resistant stove tiles are an expensive material, handmade from refractory clays and stone flour added to enhance strength. Firing occurs at a temperature of 1300ºС. The advantages of fireclay slab are that it:
- Resistant to extreme – both low and high – temperatures;
- Has absolute fire resistance;
- Does not crack;
- Withstands long-term static loads;
- Does not wash off;
- Has a low slip coefficient;
- Neutral to aggressive media (acids and alkalis, solvents and petroleum products, etc.);
The stove-bed is finished with fireclay tiles.
- Much thicker than tile;
Available in single and twin versions, but the latter increases the volume of the oven. For household needs, a single one is sufficient.
Fireclay tiles for a fireplace do not require additional insulation of the base surface: they do not need to be grouped with coatings such as natural stone or gypsum.
Porcelain tiles
Porcelain tiles used for facing a fireplace are a mixture of quartz sand, several types of clay, granite and marble chips. Metal oxides and salts act as dyes. The coating is environmentally friendly.
The structure of porcelain tiles for stoves is non-porous and dense. It is resistant to low and high temperatures.
The stove in the dacha is finished with porcelain stoneware.
Porcelain tiles can imitate all of the above types of coatings and natural stone. It retains color even in direct sunlight.
The thickness of the elements is from 9 to 12 mm. Heat-resistant porcelain tiles are attached using hot-melt adhesive. If the stove is located outside, use frost-resistant glue.
Marble
Beautiful natural material suitable for expensive interiors. A square meter of 20 mm slab costs about $110. Plus, you need to pay for the services of a designer, precise cutting and labor-intensive work of a craftsman. Read the details of facing a fireplace with marble in a separate article.
Fake diamond
A good option for those who do not know how to lay tiles. A stone of different sizes allows you to hide the unevenness of the stove. Even a woman without experience can handle its styling. Before laying, be sure to clean the back side of the tiles from mortar buildup.
The stove is finished with different-sized artificial “torn” stone. Laying was done using heat-resistant Hercules glue. Metal elements are painted with Tikkurila Termal Alluminium paint.
From serpentinite and serpentine
Its color range includes an infinite number of shades of green - from very light, almost yellow, to the darkest.
- Aesthetics : beautiful appearance.
- Durability : able to withstand high pressure, durable.
- Heat capacity : quickly accumulates, but slowly and gradually releases heat, so the steam in a bathhouse lined with a coil turns out soft and light.
- Healing properties : relieves headaches, treats colds, improves blood circulation - these properties are due to its chemical composition.
These tiles are well suited for lining sauna stoves.
From jadeite
- Aesthetics: attractive appearance, rich palette of rich shades of green with various inclusions.
- Durability: Able to withstand high pressure and temperature, durable.
- Eco-friendly: natural material containing useful minerals.
- Heat capacity: accumulates heat and releases it for a long time, which is an undeniable advantage in a steam room.
When heated, jadeite does not emit any harmful substances. Only useful compounds evaporate into the air, including metasilicon acid, which has strong anti-inflammatory properties.
Using jadeite tiles for decoration, you can greatly enhance the healing and preventive properties of your steam room.
From Soapstone
- Heat resistance: can withstand temperatures up to 1200° without changing its physical and chemical properties.
- Heat capacity : it can store heat for up to several days.
- Safety : no matter how hot it is, soapstone does not burn, even if you touch it with your bare skin.
- Useful properties : the wavelength emitted by heated soapstone is the same as the wavelength of thermal radiation from the human body. This means that in a bathhouse tiled with this stone, you will feel as comfortable as possible. Soapstone also ionizes the air, improves metabolism and improves immunity.
Porcelain tiles for the stove
Porcelain stoneware is also a modern high-tech building material that was created only at the end of the last century. It consists of a mixture of clay of various types, the smallest components of granite and marble chips, quartz sand, as well as a variety of mineral dyes.
This “heavy-duty component” is made by pressing using high temperature. The result is a material of amazing hardness and increased moisture resistance. Optimal use of porcelain stoneware in damp and damp conditions. A rich range of colors that never fade makes it possible to select porcelain tiles to match almost any interior of a bathhouse or home.
Requirements for stove tiles
Tiles for stoves and fireplaces should be:
- Heat resistant. If the letter “T” is on the packaging, the facing material can withstand heating up to 1000 degrees. Heat resistance is also indicated by the flame, the image of which comes in a “set” with numbers: 1 or 2.
Mathematical symbols indicate the number of firings of the tile - the higher the number, the more heat-resistant the product.
- Strong. Tiles whose thickness is less than eight millimeters are not suitable for cladding fireplaces.
- Thermally conductive. A material, even the most heat-resistant one, is of little use if it does not share the “temperature” with the room.
- Dense. Fine porosity is an important criterion that determines the suitability of tiles for decorating stoves.
- Wear-resistant. Directly depends on the previous point. Defined by the PEI standard. This classification assumes the presence of five categories (IV). For cladding stoves and fireplaces, you can use slabs marked IV and V.
- Moisture resistant. And this parameter is related to density. The tiles should not have more than a three percent water absorption coefficient.
- Eco-friendly. Heating is always accompanied by the evaporation of certain substances. If the material contains toxic substances, they will definitely enter the human body. Corresponding to a certain thermal expansion framework. More precisely, the limits are 7-8%.
Of course, in addition to technical criteria, there are also decorative requirements. Of course, no one obliges you to decorate stoves and fireplaces with beautiful and spectacular tiles, but it is impossible not to recommend using an attractive facing material.
Decorating the walls around the stove
A stove is a source of intense heat that heats not only the air, but also nearby wall and floor surfaces. In order to prevent the walls from becoming charred, or even starting a fire, they are protected with fireproof materials. If you are against using sauna tiles on the wall near the stove, you can replace them with the following types of finishes:
- Fire-resistant drywall . Special treatment makes it resistant to high temperatures. The best option with a budget price; Drywall sheets can be easily mounted on any surface. Sheets with a thickness of 12 mm are suitable for installation; their weight must be taken into account, especially when mounted on the ceiling.
- Metal screen . Protective screens made of stainless steel with a matte or mirror surface are one of the popular options for wall fencing. They are used in combination with fire-resistant material, so the total thickness of the protection can reach 5 cm, which must be taken into account at the bathhouse design stage.
Finishing a room corner with mineralite Source ytimg.com
- Minerite . Many builders consider mineralite slabs the best material for protecting wooden walls. The material has a hard front surface; there are options for conditions of high humidity. Heating does not lead to deformation of the slabs, so there is no need to leave temperature gaps during installation.
- Superizol . Slab material with fire-resistant qualities is made from quartz and quicklime, used to protect walls and ceilings from the heat of the stove. Withstands heating up to 1200°C, and does not emit odors or harmful substances. Plates with a thickness of 25-80 mm are mounted using self-tapping screws, heat-resistant glue or mastic.
Protective front screens made of steel Source pechiexpert.ru
Stove tiles - nuances when facing
To ensure that fire-resistant tiles serve you as long as possible, be sure to use heat-resistant adhesive in your work. Choose formulations that are non-volatile compounds . This will save you from having to ventilate the room and work with open windows. To avoid poisoning during cladding, it is better to purchase an odorless solution.
There are some nuances when decorating outdoor stoves. So, the glue must be not only heat-resistant, but also moisture-resistant. The materials are laid on a pre-plastered surface, and the cut tiles are installed last. Whatever type of material you choose, the most important thing is to follow the correct installation technique, which will extend its service life.
More about waterproofing
The service life of a bathhouse, the safety and comfort of staying in it largely depends on high-quality waterproofing.
Traditional methods of floor waterproofing include coating and laying. We are talking about bitumen mastic, which is applied in several layers to the cleaned floor. A waterproofing coating and finishing are laid on top. This simple method provides excellent protection from moisture, but has its drawbacks. The height of the room decreases, as the floor level rises by an average of 5 cm. It is likely that the wooden cladding of the ceiling and floor will become saturated with a specific pungent bitumen odor.
Another traditional method of waterproofing is the use of glass roofing material, various polymer films, hydroglass insulation and other materials that are not afraid of moisture.
Waterproofing with polyethylene film
Often in baths they use penetrating waterproofing, which does not have the disadvantages of the above methods. We are talking about special waterproofing compounds that are applied over a cleaned and primed floor. As a result, a layer is formed that, after drying, reliably protects the surface from moisture.
Penetrating waterproofing is:
- concreting;
- polymer cement;
- cement inorganic;
- seamless.
Of all the varieties, the polymer-cement composition is suitable for use in a bath - environmentally friendly, durable, with excellent adhesion and seamless coating.
In a bathhouse with a wooden floor, the work of waterproofing the floor is firmly connected with the process of its thermal insulation. A floor without insulation will freeze, become covered with ice and release heat from the room. Therefore, heat-insulating material with fire-fighting properties is laid on the waterproofing layer (2-3 layers of roofing felt, for example or polyethylene film). Mineral wool is excellent for these purposes. A waterproofing layer is placed on top of the thermal insulation.
How to choose good mineral wool?
Selection rules and criteria
The choice of refractory material for the external cladding of a fireplace, stove in a bathhouse, private residential, including a country house should be carried out primarily taking into account whether it is suitable in its properties, technical characteristics, chemical composition for the type of surface on which it is necessary to lay heat-resistant tiles.
Of course, the appearance is also important, the optimal combination of patterns and colors of the selected fire-resistant tile with the main color scheme of the interior design of the sauna, kitchen or living room is imperative; it is necessary to decide whether its front surface will be matte, glazed, flat or embossed.
Learning to choose: 5 main quality criteria
So, the markings and visible geometry will be our guide.
Criterion No. 1. Moisture absorption
If the floor in the bathhouse is made of tiles, then its moisture absorption rate should be the lowest - after all, it will constantly be in contact with water. And the greater its porosity, the more moisture will be absorbed. And this porosity depends on the initial composition of the clay and how exactly it was baked.
Thus, bathhouse floor tiles with little moisture absorption are labeled AI and BI - they are denser and difficult to cut. “A” denotes tiles that were made by extrusion, and “B” by pressing. Those. in the first case, the dough-like mass was squeezed out through a molding apparatus, and in the second, each tile was formed under pressure from a press - and the quality was different.
Criterion No. 3. Quality
It is not difficult to find out how high quality the tiles for a bath are - this can be done by their appearance alone. This is geometry, plane of shape and maintaining angles. Believe me, laying uneven tiles is a real punishment.
That’s why it’s so important to determine its quality – both by eye and by placing two tiles “face to face”: if they fit tightly and all the corners match, then the tiles will go into the bathhouse with high quality
Criterion No. 5. Purpose
Tiles for a wall and floor tiles for a bath – there is a huge difference. For the floor, take one that is designed for a stronger impact - after all, they walk on it, and the floor in the bathhouse is usually always wet. Therefore, it must be with low moisture absorption and high wear resistance. And especially not slippery - only with a rough surface.
The choice of tile adhesive is also important - it must, first of all, have good moisture resistance. And you only need to take one that is approved for use in a Russian bath.
Tiling the stove: features of the process
The stove has long served people, creating coziness and comfort in the home. The appearance of the stove is the calling card of the entire house. Ceramic stove tiles can transform any stove, and this one will help you choose one.
Ceramic stove tiles have been used in stove finishing for many hundreds of years.
Even today, despite the emergence of many different materials and technologies, it has not lost its leading position, thanks to quality, reliability and good price.
It has high strength characteristics and can easily withstand heavy loads during operation. Concrete is far behind ceramic tiles in terms of performance; it is less durable and inferior to ceramics in terms of wear resistance.
Installation of ceramic tiles is quite simple and requires a minimum of tools and skills.
- The high fire resistance of ceramic tiles is an undoubted advantage when finishing stoves and fireplaces.
- Made from environmentally friendly and safe, natural materials. Clay, as the main material for production, is completely safe and does not emit any substances harmful to health.
- Caring for tiles is very simple and does not require much effort or special measures. It will be enough to simply wipe the ceramic tiles with a damp cloth from time to time.
- There are very few disadvantages to ceramic tiles for stoves. The only thing that can be highlighted is that ceramics is a rather hard material, so if hit by a hard object it can easily be cracked.
- This small drawback can be ignored; this facing material is very practical and convenient for finishing the stove.
Finishing inside the steam room
Since buildings are made of different materials, owners are interested in whether there is any difference in how to decorate a steam room in a bathhouse, say, from brick or foam concrete. In principle, there are no differences even at the level of constructing an insulating pie, and even more so the finishing does not depend on what the walls of your bathhouse are built from.
However, options do exist.
Interior decoration in a bathhouse made of timber or logs
A beam or log is a material that in itself has excellent decorative qualities, so there is no point in hiding it under the skin, unless your area is in the Arctic cold, that is, if the thickness of the log or beam is enough to keep warm.
In this case, the owner’s main concern will be insulating the joints with inter-crown insulation between logs or beams and sealing them (which we will discuss separately). In addition, finishing works include protecting log walls from various misfortunes (fire, water, insects, fungi and bacteria) and revealing the decorative properties of wood - both are done with the help of impregnations.
BUT! In the steam room, protective measures are limited to antiseptic on the lower rims and impregnation for the walls as a whole, which will protect them from water.
A well-sanded log has a beautiful “moire” pattern, which can be made more visible with the help of varnish or impregnation. On our website parilochka.com there is an article that talks about paints and varnishes that are acceptable for processing steam rooms.
Finishing with clapboard in a bathhouse made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, brick, frame
The finishing of a steam room in a bathhouse built from the materials listed in the title will in the vast majority of cases be reduced to clapboard cladding. This is the easiest way to make the interior “wooden”. In addition, lining is a convenient and affordable material, and the difference in profiles gives the owner the freedom to choose according to his tastes.
Baths not built from wood are usually insulated. In this article we will not describe the thermal insulation pie - you can read about it in this article on our website. However, we will spoil it: methods of thermal insulation finishing of a steam room in a bathhouse made of aerated concrete, foam concrete, etc. are the same. And the lining is the final stage of this finishing.
The lining is attached to the counter-lattice. There are several ways to attach it inconspicuously. Previously, this was most often done with finishing nails through a groove, but this is hard work, especially when compared with the modern method of fastening to staples or nails using a pneumatic gun through clamps. As an option, you can attach it to self-tapping screws.
IMPORTANT! Clippers do not replace fastening with nails or staples, they only simplify it. A nice and convenient addition.. Watch the video, which clearly demonstrates the method of fastening the lining using clamps:
Watch the video, which clearly demonstrates the method of fastening the lining using clamps:
Regarding the finishing of the steam room with clapboard, it is worth saying one more thing: there are two mounting options - vertical and horizontal. Accordingly, the counter-lattice should go in a perpendicular direction.
Since we are talking about a humid and hot room, it is worth noting that vertical fastening of the lining is not optimal. Each individual lamella with this arrangement is moistened unevenly, which leads to stress inside the wood. In the future it may crack.
At the same time, horizontal fastening makes the lamellas moisturized more uniformly. The main thing is not to forget when fastening that the groove should be on top, and the tenon should enter it from below. Then water will not flow into the lock.
In addition to the above, the described types of lining installation also have this feature: vertical fastening visually makes the room taller, and horizontal fastening makes the room appear lower.
Do-it-yourself tiling of fireplaces
For work you need the following materials :
- tile;
- sand;
- cement or clay (for mixing the solution);
- water;
- crosses and wedges;
- nails and hammer;
- self-tapping screws;
- drill;
- level;
- putty knife.
Preparatory work
Work begins with surface preparation. If this is not done, the cladding will begin to peel off.
The preparatory stage occurs as follows:
- Inspect the current coating and remove completely.
- Using a plumb line, it is necessary to determine the thickness of the new coating, which can level the plane.
- Level uneven surfaces with a primer or other compound.
- Using a chisel and hammer, deepen the seams at least 1 cm.
- Drive in nails or screws.
- Place a net on the surface. To prevent it from falling off, you can put washers on the heads of the screws.
- Technology for laying tiles on a fireplace
After the surface of the fireplace is prepared, you need to make a solution. The process depends on its composition:
- Clay. The clay is passed through a sieve. A homogeneous composition without lumps and debris is obtained. Then the clay is mixed with water and left for a day to achieve the required viscosity. Sand is added to the mixture. Proportions are calculated in advance using clay and sand balls.
- Cement. Sand and cement are added to the container in a ratio of 1/3. Gradually add water to the mixture. The cement solution is mixed to a homogeneous consistency.
To tile a fireplace with your own hands, you must first lay it out on the floor to determine the order in which it will be laid out.
You can post it in two ways:
- using crosses and wedges to get the same distance between the plates, or end-to-end.
- The second option of framing the fireplace stove with tiles is simpler, but it requires an ideal eye.
Laying begins from the lower left corner. First, the fireplace is covered with mortar using a spatula, then the building material is pressed in a circular motion to the surface. Each row is checked for parallelism to the previous one using a building level.
If crosses and wedges are used, they are inserted as work progresses.
- To fill, you can use a plastic bag with a small corner cut off. By squeezing out the required amount of mortar, you need to fill all the cracks between the tiles.
- After completely covering the fireplace with gypsum tiles, at least three days must pass for the compositions to dry. After time, a protective wax mixture is applied.
Preparing the base
The most important stage of the cladding process is preparing the base. To do this, the following conditions must be met:
- The use of high-quality materials guarantees a strong rough foundation. Saving here is not recommended.
- At the preparation stage, it is imperative to carry out waterproofing work.
- The base must have a slope for natural water drainage.
The choice of method for preparing the base is influenced by its structure and condition. The concrete base is leveled using a cement-sand screed, a slope and waterproofing are arranged.
Concrete screed on the floor in the bathhouse
Wood is an unstable material; it is susceptible to temperature, humidity and other aggressive influences. Regardless of the base material, there are a number of conditions that must be met when preparing the base for ceramic tiles on the floor in a bathhouse:
1. You will need to make a drain hole to drain water from the surface of the ceramic floor covering. It is advisable to equip drain holes with special drains when installing a drain, the location of which can be arranged in the center of the room or near the wall. A common option is to install a longitudinal ladder on one or both sides along the wall.
2. It is necessary to form a slope of at least 10 degrees on the floor, which will ensure the removal of water that flows independently towards the drain. To do this, the floor level must have a difference of at least 2 cm for every 1 m of floor.
3. An essential condition is the installation of a drainage system. The simplest option is to organize the drainage of water into a drainage hole located under the bathhouse. To do this, the following conditions must be met:
- the presence of loose soil;
- deep occurrence of groundwater;
- lack of special environmental requirements;
- installation of a sand-crushed stone filter layer.
It is important that discharged water does not accumulate under the bathhouse - this will ensure the safety of the foundation. With a more complex system, trays and drainage pipes are installed, with the help of which wastewater is collected and discharged into special wells.
4. must be installed under the tiles in the bathhouse . Considering that moisture comes from both above and below, from the soil. A vapor barrier layer is installed in the steam room.
Organization of drainage in a bathhouse on stilts
Preparing the wooden base
To install a wooden base under the tiles in the bathhouse, boards are used. Plywood or chipboard does not have the required degree of reliability. The preparation process is as follows:
- Boards must be in working order. If defects and damage are detected, the boards are replaced.
- It is recommended to disassemble the old wooden one, insulate it, remove the paint layer from the boards and treat them with an antiseptic composition.
- There should be a gap of at least 1 cm around the perimeter of the room between the walls and the plank floor. This will ensure the integrity of the plank floor when the material expands due to temperature changes. If you neglect to create a gap, the adhesive layer will not hold up, and the cladding will collapse. For the same purposes, gaps of 3-5 mm are left between the boards, filling them with sealant or polyurethane foam.
- Defects existing on the surface of the boards in the form of holes from fasteners or knots must be puttied.
- To create the first waterproofing layer, the wood is treated with heated drying oil or latex impregnation.
- To create a second layer of waterproofing, a coating or laying method is used. In the first case, bulk or flowing materials are used, in the second - roofing felt and other roll insulation.
- With the coating method, a layer of painting mesh is laid on a not completely dry layer of waterproofing.
- After this, the screed is poured, having previously installed a metal reinforcing mesh around the perimeter of the base, which will compensate for the moving layers of the structure. Filling should be carried out taking into account the slope towards the drain hole. The slope can be formed during the laying of the tiles.
Leveling the floor
Important! The problem lies in the relative mobility of the wood, as a result of which walking on the floor can have a negative impact on the reliability of fixation of the cladding. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the mobility of the subfloor, strengthen it and level it.
To prepare a wooden base, one of three methods can be used:
Method 1. A common method is the “dry method”, when sheet material in the form of flooring - OSB, gypsum board, plywood - is laid on top of a flat, insulated wooden floor with waterproofing. The joints between sheet materials are sealed and sanded. Expanded clay or mineral wool is used as insulation material.
Floor insulation with mineral wool
Method 2. With the “wet” method, a concrete screed from a special solution 3-5 cm thick is placed on top of a wood base, not forgetting to leave a damping gap 1-2 cm wide along the perimeter along the walls. Bitumen, roofing felt, paraffin paper or thickened polyethylene film laid on a rough base. The insulation must be placed 10-12 cm on the wall and fixed using a furniture stapler. Then a ten-centimeter damper tape is laid along the perimeter along the walls. Pouring is carried out over a metal reinforcing mesh.
Construction of a concrete base
Method 3. A simple and quick method is to glue several layers of gypsum board using polyurethane glue onto a plank base.
Features of concrete floor
In a steam room and washing room, a concrete floor is a more preferable solution than a wooden one. Special additives in the solution make it possible to obtain a waterproof structure that is not subject to rotting. Before pouring a concrete floor, carefully prepare a drainage system to remove waste liquid. To do this, compact the soil and fill it with a sand-crushed stone cushion with a compaction of broken brick 12-18 cm thick.
The first layer of concrete is 5-7 cm. The thermal insulation layer is formed from expanded clay, felt or mineral wool. Roofing felt or dense polyethylene is used as a waterproofing material. The reinforcing element is a metal mesh or steel wire. The second layer of concrete is 10-15 cm and is poured with a slope towards the drain hole. Before laying the tiles, the surface is coated with a primer with an adhesive composition for better adhesion.
Important! The location of the drain hole in the concrete floor is planned in advance, taking into account the location of the drainage system.
To form the hole, use formwork or a vertically installed pipe with a diameter of at least 5 cm.
Reinforcing metal mesh for screed
Functions
The furnace lining performs a number of specific functions:
- reducing the time required to heat the room;
- ensuring ease of maintenance of the device - cleaning tiles is much easier than, for example, a plastered surface;
- attractive decor;
- increase in heat transfer and heat capacity of the furnace;
- psychological aspect - according to most psychologists, the presence of a traditional stove in the house has a good effect on the general atmosphere in the home, as well as the mood of others.
Where is it used?
Fireproof tiles for fireplaces and stoves are used primarily as a decorative element for the surfaces of heating devices. Thanks to tiles, these objects can be transformed into a real work of art, giving a stove or fireplace a personal touch, or finishing in accordance with certain cultural traditions.
An excellent example is the Russian stove, which is still used in homes directly for its intended purpose or as a bright element of room decor.
Tiles are not used for finishing the space around the stove, working and internal surfaces.
All types of fire-resistant tiles must have a quality certificate. Only with supporting documentation can we say that the material will meet the declared characteristics.
Options for washing and steam rooms: materials
Let's briefly look at the materials suitable for finishing bath sinks and steam rooms.
Wood
In the photo: finishing the steam room of a bathhouse with wood (lining)
To decorate the steam room, it is strongly recommended to use hardwood, such as linden, aspen, and alder. These rocks are suitable for walls and ceilings, finishing doors and windows.
For the floor, you can use more resistant species, for example, larch. Conifers should not be used because of the resin they contain, which flows out when the temperature rises. But on the floor the temperature is usually low, so there are no restrictions.
However, it is worth saying that linden and aspen have low resistance to rotting and biocontamination (for example, by fungi). Therefore, we still recommend additionally protecting surfaces made of this wood with impregnations and varnishes.
There is no point in using wood in a sink, unless it is a design decision. In this case, it is worth recommending conifers - they are more resistant to water.
Stone
An option for decorating a steam room in a bathhouse is stone tiles. Of course, we are talking only about partial finishing, for example, near the stove (more on that below).
What types of stone are best suited for finishing walls in a steam room? You will be surprised, but there are practically no restrictions here - the main thing is that it is not rock salt, for example. But pink Himalayan salt is often used as interior decoration. Of course, it will not dissolve as quickly as table salt in a pot of soup, but its composition is the same as salt in a salt shaker.
The wall behind the stove, of course, heats up, but the stones are quite capable of withstanding such temperatures without harming themselves. But the situation will change if you decide to cover the stove with the same stone. The temperatures there are somewhat different. And it’s worth focusing at least on those stones in the lining of which ready-made stoves are sold, for example, soapstone.
As an option, you can decorate part of the steam room not with smooth tiles, but with cut pebbles or cobblestones, which are mounted on the mortar with the convex side up. It turns out to be quite a nice decor. As you can see, even street cobblestones can come in handy.
In the photo: interior decoration of the steam room with stones around the stove
You can use stone in a sink, but this is rarely done, because it is easier and cheaper to cover the walls and floor with ready-made ceramic tiles.
Tile
The tiles in the steam room are used either on the floor or on the wall behind the stove. As for the floor, rough tiles, for example, Metlakh, behave best here. In general, it can be recommended for wet rooms. But it is better not to consider all varieties of smooth glazed tiles as a covering for the floor of a steam room.
In a washing room, it is also better to use rough tiles on the floor, and for the walls... here, in general, you can see more clearly how sober visitors will wash in your washing room. If not particularly so, then give up smooth tiles there too, eliminating unnecessary opportunities for injury.
In the photo: finishing the shower room of the bathhouse with tiles
Sealant
Special mention should be made of such finishing material as sealant for steam rooms in bathhouses.
Sealants in a steam room can be used only in two cases: if it is a bathhouse made of logs and needs to seal the joints between the logs, as well as sealing cracks in the logs themselves, and the second option is to seal the joints, for example, foam glass, if it is used as a heat insulator .
In the first case, we can recommend special sealants for wood that have a certain elasticity, because wood tends to constantly change volume under the influence of moisture. In addition, it is worth asking the sellers which wood sealants can withstand steam room temperatures well (name the numbers at which you are used to steaming).
We came across a report from one bathhouse owner in which he praised the Perma-Chink wood sealant he used for seams and Check Mate for sealing cracks. However, we cannot say with certainty that this was not promotional material.
As for the sealant for the heat insulator, then you need to take silicone without impurities, for example Ottoseal S 73.
Selection rules and criteria
The choice of refractory material for the external cladding of a fireplace, stove in a bathhouse, private residential, including a country house should be carried out primarily taking into account whether it is suitable in its properties, technical characteristics, chemical composition for the type of surface on which it is necessary to lay heat-resistant tiles.
Of course, the appearance is also important, the optimal combination of patterns and colors of the selected fire-resistant tile with the main color scheme of the interior design of the sauna, kitchen or living room is imperative; it is necessary to decide whether its front surface will be matte, glazed, flat or embossed.
Invaluable assistance in solving this complex issue can be provided by stove craftsmen, interior finishing specialists who usually need a visual assessment of stove equipment, as well as employees of trade organizations that sell tile products.
When making your own choice, you should take into account the following criteria, which must be met by high-quality fire-resistant tiles manufactured in accordance with the technical conditions of mass production:
The average thickness of a piece is 6–8 mm.
Thinner tiles are fragile; thicker tiles may cause problems both during installation and during subsequent operation of the furnace equipment due to a drop in heat output into the air in the room.
The geometric dimensions of the tiles, both in one package and in the batch of products selected for purchase, must be identical, otherwise the installation process will become more complicated and the appearance of the finished surfaces will suffer.
Checking the dimensions and evenness of refractory tiles is simple: just touch two products with the front side, then the inside side to each other, to understand how much they coincide, whether there is a gap between them, indicating the curvature of the surfaces.
The front side of the tile should not have any mechanical damage or traces of manufacturing defects - cavities, unevenness on a smooth surface, incomplete glazing; as well as discrepancies, changes in color, pattern within the selected batch of goods.
Cracks and chips found during selection on individual piece products are an alarming signal that the product is very fragile and easily damaged, so there is a high probability that during operation at high temperatures the front side of individual refractory tiles may burst, or part of the purchased product will suffer further damage. during transportation to the place of masonry work.
When choosing, you should not mix fire-resistant tiles of different types and manufacturers, since their properties and technical parameters, despite their external similarity, can vary greatly, and this can have a fatal effect during operation, for example, due to different coefficients of thermal expansion, which is often leads to the collapse of fragments of the furnace lining.
The best choice is fire-resistant tiles with decorative elements in the same color and shade range from the same manufacturer, which do not differ in properties or technical characteristics.
When ordering or purchasing, a surplus of 10-15% in area is required, since part of the material will inevitably go to waste when trimmed, and the remaining amount will become a reserve for replacing accidentally damaged tiles during long-term operation.
Installation of beacons
To create a flat concrete surface, a prerequisite is the installation of guides along which the liquid concrete will be leveled on a plane using a rule.
As a rule, they use metal beacons, which can be purchased at any hardware store. The correct implementation of this stage of work directly affects the quality of the surface arranged in this way. During the installation process you will need the following tools and materials:
1) lighthouses;
2) roulette;
3) metal scissors;
4) a dry mixture that has the property of rapid hardening (it can be used as a starting putty mixed with the same amount of alabaster);
5) a narrow spatula or trowel;
6) a container for mixing the mixture (you need to add a little water to the two components and mix them well);
7) construction level.
In order for them to be firmly fixed, they should be installed on a pre-prepared mixture. The required amount of it (in the form of lumps the size of a palm) must be placed on a layer of waterproofing in the future location of the guide so that along its length there are gaps of approximately 25–30 centimeters between the “piles” of solution. Both ends of the beacon must be installed on the prepared mixture (they should not “hang” in the air). All this must be done quickly enough, otherwise the solution will dry out ahead of time and it will no longer be possible to use it. The thickness of the future screed must be at least 5 centimeters, otherwise it may crack over time. It is best when the value of this parameter is 7 cm.
When installing beacons, be sure to use a level so that each guide is not only perfectly horizontal, but also in the same plane with other beacons.
After the mixture under the beacons has hardened, you can begin pouring the concrete screed.
Marking
Using the special symbols that are indicated on the packaging of the tiles, you can find out whether a given sample is suitable for finishing stoves or not.
It is customary to distinguish the following signs:
- The water absorption coefficient is indicated on the box and is designated by the letter “E”. It should not be more than 3%. Granite has the highest moisture resistance: 0.5%.
- Information about porosity is given by the PEI symbol and the following numbers on the packaging from I to V. For stoves and fireplaces, level IV or V should be selected.
- Marking “A” or “B” indicates that the design of this product was developed on a computer. Tiles with the letter “A” are distinguished by more accurate compliance with the stated dimensions.
- The designation “EN 122” and the letters A to D indicate the level of resistance of the tile to chemical attack.
Laying tiles when the drain is located horizontally near the wall
In this case, installation should begin from the center of the opposite wall.
Sequencing:
Laying tiles at the location of the drain
- The first tile must be placed to the right of the center, and the rest from it to the right and left. The first row is ready;
- the tiles are laid using glue, which is applied to the back side with a notched trowel;
- special crosses are installed between the tiles, which ensure the required width and uniformity of the seams;
- First, whole tiles should be laid out, the outer ones are cut off;
- Excess glue is constantly removed with a damp cloth. Once it dries, it is very difficult to remove.
The floor with the laid tiles should be left for a day for the glue to dry completely.
Dimensions
To make it convenient to work with tiles for lining stoves, their dimensions should not be too large. The optimal size is 25x25 cm, and the thickness is no more than 8 mm. For porcelain stoneware and clinker, no more than 6 mm is sufficient.
Such parameters will ensure sufficient thermal conductivity and strength of the entire installation. In addition, these sizes are much easier to work with.
Larger tiles can be made to order, for example from porcelain stoneware, but they are quite heavy and may not support their own weight, and also require more trimming and sizing. Tiles are also available in smaller sizes, for example, 10x10 cm.
However, it is used much less often for the same reasons as the large one - it is inconvenient to work with.
Characteristics of stones that are suitable for finishing steam rooms
Not all stones are suitable for a durable finish that will withstand high humidity and elevated temperatures. The basic requirements for the mineral are:
- High density.
The stone must have a dense and uniform structure. Foreign inclusions, such as mica, are unacceptable. Such products look beautiful, but can crack if water gets on them. This is unsafe because the fragments can fly in different directions and injure people. - Heat storage.
Not all stones retain heat well; preference should be given to minerals of volcanic origin. - Form.
It is better to choose round or oval stones for finishing a bath. The absence of sharp corners will increase air circulation due to uniform heating. - Dimensions.
The diameter of the products depends on the desired size of the finish. Small specimens are chosen for the stove; medium and large-sized items will look good on the walls. - Ecological cleanliness.
An important indicator is the absence of toxic fumes when heated. Therefore, some stones, for example, rubble, are not suitable for finishing steam rooms. - Strength.
The stone must be characterized by the ability to withstand numerous heating and cooling cycles, resistance to cracking and delamination. A mineral such as sandstone is not suitable due to its fragility. This stone can be used to decorate a relaxation room in a bathhouse.
Design
The determining factor when choosing a stove cladding design is not the type of material, but the interior of the room in which it is located. A characteristic feature of the design of facing tiles specifically for stoves is the almost complete absence of geometric patterns.
It is not found in almost any style.
But the design of such products is replete with complex ornaments:
Floral patterns, characteristic of majolica or tiles, can be used in almost all styles - from classic to modern. Faience with its famous blue and white Gzhel color scheme would also be appropriate.
For a classic interior, you can choose porcelain stoneware; its possibilities are almost limitless. With it you can create entire paintings.
A modern interior does not imply too colorful decoration. Elegant monochromatic tiles with small splashes of decor would be more appropriate here. Various imitations of malachite and marble, as well as wood, will look good.
In a hunting lodge or country cottage, you can use natural stone. In order not to reduce the cost of the interior, you should not mix natural material with other types of finishing; it works well alone.
Real stoves are rarely found in techno or futurism style interiors. However, if elements of such design trends are still present, a plain tile would look good here.
In a country house, terracotta and clinker would be appropriate. Images of plants and flowers in the Khokhloma style will be especially good.
Video description
About the facing brick screen in the following video:
Tiles
Tiles can be used in a bath in three ways:
- For lining a brick sauna stove.
- For the manufacture of a firebox portal.
- For facing a brick dividing wall.
Cladding a brick stove with tiles Source natopil.ru
When choosing a material, as in the case of tiles for a steam room in a bathhouse near a stove, it is important to understand the following features:
- If the uniqueness of the finish is important to you, you can purchase handmade tiles, but their cost will be noticeably higher.
- Heat resistance. High-quality products undergo final firing at temperatures above 1000°C.
- Not all tiles are made with a rump (a box-shaped part on the reverse side). If it is not there, the material can be used for lining an already built furnace.
Tiled linings for sauna stoves are made in several categories: with a smooth, embossed, glazed surface, also majolica. All of them are distinguished by high heat transfer, durability and practicality in care.
For laying tiles, the same scheme is used as in the case of bath tiles around the stove. When it is necessary to make a portal, part of the wall and floor is covered with tiled tiles. It is secured to the brickwork with wire. If the tile has holes for wire on the back side (for example, on corner elements), then they must be used.
Tiles in the lining of a Swedish stove Source zhk-akvapolis.rf
