Optimal temperature and humidity in the bath: Russian steam room, Finnish sauna, Turkish hammam

What should be the temperature and humidity in the bathhouse during health procedures? This question is no less important than the choice of a heater or a bath broom.

When using a bathhouse, it is recommended to adhere to certain rules for increasing the temperature relative to air humidification in different rooms.

First of all, novice bathhouse attendants need to know this, because it is difficult for them to determine the correct ratio of these parameters when visiting the steam room for the first time.

What's good about a bathhouse?

1. A significant temperature difference has a hardening effect, making us resistant to the negative influences of the external environment.
2. The heat sharply accelerates metabolism, removes accumulated toxins and harmful substances, trains and improves the health of the cardiovascular and nervous systems.
3. Stress symptoms are relieved, a beneficial effect on the psyche is achieved, mood improves and anxiety decreases.
4. Muscles and ligaments warm up, tension is eliminated, and the elasticity of muscle tissue increases.
5. Colds, skin diseases, joint diseases and other ailments are cured.

Scientists have conducted studies in which they were able to prove that regular visits to baths and saunas increase life expectancy.
Experts divided the participants into 2 groups and observed them for 20 years; as a result, those who enjoyed steaming showed much better health and lived longer; the percentage of disorders in the cardiovascular system, heart attacks and strokes among avid bath attendants was lower compared to those who visited this establishment rarely or did not use it at all. With a reasonable approach, in a gentle manner, steaming is beneficial for people regardless of age, from infants to the very elderly.

Exposure to heat

When taking bath procedures, an increase in blood pressure is observed. As a result, congestion in the limb area is eliminated. People who have been diagnosed with the following ailments should refrain from health procedures:

epileptic seizures; hypertension; ischemia; brain pathologies; oncological diseases; bronchitis occurring in acute form; abnormalities in the functioning of the thyroid gland.

Avid steamers should be wary if they notice symptoms of overheating. These include:

severe dizziness; the occurrence of nausea; poor coordination of movements.

If you follow certain rules when visiting the steam room, you can get rid of problems with blood circulation, colds, and allergic reactions. It is also effective for overweight people. Wellness treatments provide a rejuvenating effect. They prevent premature skin aging and normalize metabolism. Under the influence of hot air, resistance to viral infections increases, tension is eliminated, and heart rate is normalized.

Comparison of steam rooms (temperature, humidity)

There are many types of different pairs. Almost every nation has contributed something of its own to the art of washing the body using steam. The most common today are the Russian steam bath, Turkish hammam and Finnish sauna. New infrared saunas are gaining great popularity. Below is more information about how many degrees there are in the bathhouse, sauna and hammam and what is the maximum temperature in the sauna.

Of course, this is the optimal temperature suitable for almost all categories of people. Experienced bathhouse attendants, as a rule, prefer it hotter. The comfortable temperature for them in a Russian bath is in the range of 90-120 degrees Celsius. When you come to a public bathhouse, where these seasoned bath attendants usually gather, be prepared to encounter exactly this temperature.

Question answer

At what temperature is it best for a beginner to start visiting a steam room?

It is very important to listen to your feelings. If you have no contraindications for bath procedures, then you can start steaming at a temperature of 50-60 degrees.

Can heatstroke occur in a bathhouse?

Heatstroke in a bathhouse is not uncommon. This can happen even to an experienced bathhouse attendant. That is why, when visiting a steam room, it is important to listen to your body and follow the recommendations of specialists.

Why are temperatures above 100 degrees dangerous?

Such temperatures are extreme for the body. In this case, internal organs and systems experience enormous stress. As a result, overheating, loss of consciousness and even cardiac arrest can occur.

At what temperature can a child over 3 years old be steamed?

You can carry out bath procedures with children at a temperature of 40-50 degrees. At the same time, carefully monitor the baby’s well-being.

How long can you sit in the steam room?

It all depends on the preparation of your body and the ambient temperature: experienced bath attendants can sit in the steam room for more than an hour. The most important thing is not to tolerate discomfort. If you feel unwell and hot, leave the room immediately.

How to properly heat a sauna

First you need to prepare several types of firewood, these are aspen, pine and birch firewood.

We heat the sauna with pine wood. Since pine is a resinous tree, a layer of soot remains on the walls of the pipe. The next stage is laying aspen firewood, which perfectly cleans chimneys.

Russian steam bath

It’s not for nothing that the Russian bathhouse is called a steam room. Its big advantage is that there is no big difference between the humidity in the bathhouse and outside the window. The optimal temperature in the bath is 60-90 degrees, maintained by a heater or stove, onto which water is poured to achieve the desired humidity level.

The optimal temperature in a Russian bath is in the range of 60-90 degrees. Experienced bath attendants can feel comfortable at temperatures up to 100-120 degrees Celsius.

The Russian bathhouse is the only steam room with such an interesting tradition as broom massage. The temperature and humidity in a Russian bath are considered optimal for removing toxins in the absence of a strong load on the body. During one visit you can stay in the Russian steam room 2-4 times for 15-20 minutes.

Recipes for tonic tea:

Those who like to steam can brew medicinal tea, which restores strength and has a beneficial effect on the entire body.

St. John's wort and meadowsweet are combined in equal proportions. 10 grams of the resulting mixture is poured into 200 ml of boiling water. The product is infused for 30 minutes. After this, the infusion is filtered.

20 grams of herbal mixture consisting of oregano and mint are brewed with a liter of boiling water. The resulting mixture should be simmered over low heat for half an hour. After the specified time, the herbal tea is filtered. It stabilizes blood pressure and replenishes vitamin deficiencies.

Active steamers are advised to give preference to caps that dry well and do not shrink with frequent washing. Typically, models are purchased from natural materials.

Wearing synthetic hats can lead to excessive hair fragility and the appearance of seborrhea. When products made from artificial fabrics are heated, harmful substances may be released. The best option is models made from felt. It has low thermal conductivity and excellent hygroscopicity.

The benefits of a hot steam room

The level of temperature and humidity in a Russian bath affects the quality of steaming. Benefit:

• strengthening the immune system;
• acceleration of blood flow and metabolic processes;
• strengthening the walls of blood vessels and cardiac muscle fibers;
• cleansing the body of toxins and waste;
• removal of mucus from the respiratory tract;
• elimination of muscle and joint pain.

After visiting the steam room, a person feels emotional relief. Therefore, regular trips to the bathhouse are useful for people under long-term stress.

Features of furnaces

Large brick ovens are most often used; heating them will take about 3 hours. Metal stoves must be lined with brick or heater.

Traditionally, the walls of the bathhouse are made of timber or logs, and inter-crown insulation is used as insulation. Wood regulates humidity levels, creating a comfortable microclimate. It is better not to use impregnation; after it, the quality of the material will significantly decrease. When exposed to high heat, boards will release chemicals.

The shelves are made of solid wooden boards. They can be made from linden or aspen. Palm tree is also often used for these purposes; it has a loose structure. The shelves in the bathhouse should be wide; they are about 2.5 cm thick.

The room should be spacious enough, the minimum ceiling height is 2.5 meters. The steam room must have a ventilation window.

Optimal performance

The bath complex consists of several rooms, each of which has its own indicators:

Depending on the temperature, the time a person can spend in the steam room changes:

• 70°C – up to 60 minutes;
• 82°C – up to 49 minutes;
• 93°C – up to 33 minutes;
• 104°C – up to 26 minutes.

This is the maximum time. It is dangerous to spend so much time inside the steam room. It is better to sit in the steam room several times for 5–7 minutes than to go once and for a long time.

Finnish sauna: construction features

First of all, you need to decide on the location of the sauna. The standard design of a Finnish bath includes a steam room and a changing room; if desired, you can add a third room for relaxation.

The shelves are arranged in two rows, the distance between them should be at least 50cm, so visitors will feel more free. The Finnish sauna does not include a shower; you only need to steam in it.

• The ceiling and doors need to be double insulated, in which case the heat will be better retained in the steam room.
• Felt or veneer is used as an insulating material; in no case should you use materials with the addition of polyethylene.
• Finnish sauna stoves can be different, but it is best to give preference to a classic heater, which gives the steam room a special atmosphere.

For construction, it is important to use only well-dried materials; as for wood, you should give preference to linden, aspen or birch. The most important nuance when equipping a steam room is the ban on the use of any dyes.

Temperature and humidity

The bathhouse consists of three zones: a locker room, a dressing room and a steam room. In the first of them, the temperature is about 25 degrees and the humidity is 60%, in the dressing room it is 27-29 degrees and 80%, respectively. The temperature in the steam room of a Russian bath is 50-90 degrees, humidity is approximately 70%. The degrees increase gradually and the body has time to get used to the heat. The water in the reservoir should be cool, in the range of 10-25 degrees, so that the contrast with the steam can be felt.

A study was conducted to find out what temperature and how long the body can withstand.

According to it, they came to the conclusion that the higher the temperature, the less time the visitor can be present in the steam room:

• 71 degrees – 60 minutes;
• 82 degrees – 49 minutes;
• 93 degrees – 33 minutes;
• 104 degrees – 26 minutes.

The temperature in the steam room can even exceed 110 degrees. The more hardened the body is, the easier it is for it to adapt to the changes occurring in the surrounding space. Therefore, you should not immediately try to sit in the steam room for a long time.

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The effect of heat on the human body

The temperature and humidity in the bathhouse have a strong impact on your well-being. During your stay in the steam room, your body temperature rises. During the first 10 minutes, the skin warms up, and then, in the next 10, the internal organs. To ensure the correct process of sweat separation, it is necessary to wipe it from time to time (read: “The right sauna - how often to visit and other recommendations”).

As blood circulation accelerates, pressure rises. The bath is useful for people who suffer from blood stagnation in the extremities. However, for those who have problems with the heart and blood vessels, the steam room can be harmful.

Also, visiting the bathhouse is highly not recommended for those who have cancer, asthma, epilepsy, ischemia, or diseases related to the brain.

But some diseases can, if not get rid of, then significantly alleviate their course, provided that you regularly take procedures in the steam room.

These include:

• frequent colds;
• obesity;
• allergy;
• circulatory disorders.

Contraindications to bath procedures

The warning that the temperature in a Russian steam bath is not suitable for everyone applies to those who are contraindicated to breathe hot, humid air.

You should not visit the bathhouse:

• hypertensive patients;
• those suffering from cardiovascular diseases (ischemia);
• persons with exacerbations of various diseases;
• those with ulcerative skin disorders;
• cancer patients;
• asthmatics;
• epileptics;
• suffering from diseases associated with the central nervous system and brain.

Bath procedures make the heart beat faster and pump blood. The pressure changes and there is a load on the diseased heart. Also, women should not visit the bathhouse during the menstrual cycle, so as not to develop poorly controlled bleeding. After drinking alcohol, it is also not recommended to visit the bathhouse.

You should only visit a steam room or sauna if you are feeling well Source sauni-moskva.ru

How to visit the bathhouse

Having found out what temperature should be in the steam room of the bath, you need to pay attention to how to properly attend the procedures. First of all, this needs to be done regularly, not occasionally.

Recommendations for visiting the bathhouse:

1. A person visiting the steam room for the first time should not stay in it for more than 5 minutes. There is no need to use brooms right away. When no problems arose during the first visit, gradually, each time, the time of stay can be increased by a couple of minutes.
2. Those who often visit the bathhouse know that it is highly undesirable to stay in the steam room for more than half an hour. But this does not mean that you need to sit until the end - if you feel uncomfortable, you should leave it.
3. You should not stand in the bathhouse, as you can get heatstroke. The position of the body should be such that favorable conditions are created for the outflow of lymph - you need to lie with your legs elevated. Thanks to this, the load on the heart is reduced. If it is impossible to lie down, it is recommended to sit so that your legs are at the level of your torso.
4. To warm up the body, you should change postures. You only need to breathe through your nose.
5. There is no need to stand up suddenly, as you may lose your balance and fall.
6. Regardless of the temperature of the Russian bath, you are allowed to enter the steam room 3-4 times. Moreover, after each visit, the time spent in it or the locker room should increase.
7. Between visits to the steam room, contrasting procedures are needed. It is better to start tapping with brooms after the second visit to the steam room.
8. When the body warms up, you can do a massage. But before this, it is not advisable to go into other rooms or drink cold drinks. After completing the massage, take a warm shower and wash.
9. The visit to the bathhouse ends after the body has dried and cooled down - there is no need to immediately go outside.

• visit the steam room at least 1.5 hours after eating;
• no need to steam at high temperatures or when you feel unwell;
• no smoking;
• You should remove metal objects from yourself to avoid burns;
• no need to wash your hair in the steam room;
• you need to remain calm and not make sudden movements;
• you cannot go to the bathhouse on an empty stomach and drink alcohol;
• Before going outside, you should cool down and rest;
• You should use a broom only on a steamed body;
• You need to wash only after the steam room;
• when visiting the steam room, do not immediately lie down on the top shelf;
• You don't need to create a lot of steam on your first run.

You need to take bath accessories with you:

• sheet and towel;
• soap and shampoo;
• brooms;
• head cap and slippers;
• robe;
• comb
• drinking water.

How to avoid negative effects from high temperatures?

• Do not go to the sauna on an empty stomach . Also, you should not overeat immediately before the bath. It is best to eat 1.5 -2 hours before bath procedures.
• Be sure to remove any metal jewelry . As a result of heating them, you risk getting burned.
• While warming up, change your position periodically . This will help you avoid overheating and warm your body more evenly.

• Move slowly and smoothly . Sudden movements may cause dizziness, leading to fainting.
• Wipe away sweat from time to time . This way you will speed up the process of sweating and removing toxins and waste.
• While in the steam room, wear a special headdress . It will help prevent overheating and ear burns.

• Take the correct position . It is best to lie in a bathhouse or sauna on a shelf or bench with your legs slightly raised. This improves the outflow of lymph and normalizes blood circulation.

• Don't tolerate discomfort . If you feel hot or feel unwell: immediately go to a more comfortable area, for example, a dressing room or locker room. Do not forget that visiting the bathhouse should be for the benefit, and not to harm the body.

• Don't drink a lot of liquids . If you are thirsty, you can drink some clean water (150-200 ml). Drinking a lot of water increases the load on the heart and can cause illness.

What should be in different types of saunas?

There are several different types of steam rooms. They all differ depending on the maximum and optimal temperature, as well as the percentage of humidity. To truly improve your health, you need to choose the appropriate temperature regime.

Russian bath

A Russian bathhouse is usually called a steam room. There may be no difference between the temperature inside and outside. The oven and heater help maintain optimal temperature conditions. The minimum is 60 and the maximum is 90 degrees.

If the visitor already has experience, then he will not feel any discomfort in the steam room even at temperatures exceeding 90 degrees. To achieve the desired humidity level, you need to pour water on the hot stones.

Another distinctive feature of such a bathhouse is the use of brooms (in Russia this has long been a tradition).

Finnish sauna

In a Finnish sauna, the temperature ranges from 70 to 110 degrees. Compared to a Russian bathhouse, here the air humidity level is 5-10% lower. It is recommended to visit this steam room no more than 2 times for a duration of 5 to 10 minutes.

It is better to check with a doctor immediately, since for some such high temperatures are simply contraindicated.

Turkish hammam

In a Turkish hammam the humidity reaches 100%. The average temperature here is low, so you can sit in the steam room all day long.

This sauna is suitable for almost any person.

Infrared sauna

There are no high temperatures in an infrared sauna. Here the air humidity is regulated - you can choose a drier or wetter mode. The main effect of this procedure is that the body warms up thanks to infrared emitters.

You can compare the humidity in the types of saunas as a percentage:

• in a Russian bath it ranges from 50 to 90%;
• in a Finnish sauna - from 5 to 15%;
• in a Turkish hammam - from 80 to 100%;
• in an infrared sauna - from 40 to 60%.

When a person comes to the bathhouse for the first time, it is recommended to spend no more than 5 minutes in it. Over time, the body trains and begins to withstand higher temperatures.

In general, you should steam for no more than half an hour. To warm up your body as much as possible, you should periodically change positions.

Advice for those who have their own sauna

It is better to make the thresholds high and the doors low in order to retain the heat inside the steam room as much as possible. The walls and floor are finished with special thermal insulation material. It is generally better to make flooring in several layers. Ventilation allows you to equalize air pressure and release excess steam. The stove is placed near the door so that the steam room can heat up evenly. After each use of the wet bath, wipe it dry, dry it and ventilate it.

A high threshold, a low door - typical of a Russian bathhouse and the entrance to its steam room Source birzhaplus.ru

The oven must be real stone or brick-lined. The finishing can be made of metal. But the top is left open to pour water on the stones. Getting on the upper stones, the water flows onto the hot internal cobblestones. As a result, you get normal healthy steam. It’s a big mistake to completely “sew up” the furnace with metal and pour water on the hot iron. Then you will have to inhale harmful fumes or too dry hot air.

Dry air in the bath

What if we make our bathhouse completely dry and at the same time hot? In this case, you will get the effect of a sauna. Bathhouse and sauna are similar and at the same time radically different from each other.

The sauna is used to setting temperature records with minimal humidity. In some cases, the temperature in it rises to 120 degrees with minimal air humidity.

Such loads are stressful for the body; time spent in dry, hot conditions must be strictly controlled. For this purpose, there are a variety of ideas in steam rooms, for example, hourglasses, bath thermometers...

Our body does not tolerate high humidity or high temperature with low humidity equally well. A bathhouse is a place where, in order to feel good, you need to find a middle ground and correctly calculate the ratio of temperature and humidity.

If the bath thermometer shows a temperature below 60 degrees, then the humidity can be increased, but it should not exceed 55%. In this case, the body will “feel” the heat of the bath better and the load on the body will be acceptable.

If you have come to the sauna kingdom for the first time and everything here is unfamiliar to you, then you can independently regulate the heat load. The hottest place in the bathhouse is on the top shelf - here the temperature is the highest. If you don’t want to get into the thick of it, go down to the bottom step.

For example, when I “went overboard” with the heat of the bath, I always went down to the “lower stalls” and washed myself on the floor, sitting on an inverted basin. As they say, catching up with the heat is a simple matter, how not to fall after that is the question!

Follow an important bath rule - alternating the heat of the steam room and the coolness of the dressing room! It is necessary to rest and cool down regularly!

Maintaining a comfortable temperature in a bathhouse is not an easy science and requires skills, knowledge and time.

Each owner of the bathhouse kingdom learns from his own mistakes how to heat a bathhouse and maintain the desired temperature. There is no need to despair - everything comes with experience!

I hope my tips are useful to you! Have fun!

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Microclimate standards for different types of baths

Russian bath is a steam bath with a humidity level of up to 60-65% and a temperature of 45 to 70 °C, with a dressing room and a steam room.

Hot Russian bath - the temperature in the steam room can rise to 90 °C and above, and the humidity is maintained at up to 35%.

A Turkish bath or hammam is similar to Roman baths with ceramic finishing, has a soft microclimate, the highest steam content in the air - humidity up to 90-100% with temperatures up to 45 ° C. Usually this is a complex of rooms with different temperatures.

Finnish sauna is a sauna with high air heating (up to 100 °C and above) and not very high humidity - about 10%. Almost no steam in the air. It consists of a large dressing room for relaxation, a steam room and a shower.

You can also name Japanese water baths, Roman baths - these are national baths and are rare in our country. There are also special sports saunas that maintain extreme humidity. They are intended for training athletes.

The above indicators must be maintained regularly and are different for each type. You cannot get, for example, a Finnish sauna and not monitor the humidity level so that it reaches 40% - then it is no longer a Finnish sauna, but a place harmful to health. Many people wonder how to control the moisture content in the air? Maintaining the temperature is not a problem, but the humidity...

A special device has been created for this - an air dehumidifier with a built-in hygrometer, and only it can help regulate the moisture level. The hygrometer built into it will regularly measure moisture levels and signal the dehumidifier to either begin drying the air or stop working when the target is reached. The humidity level you need is set in the settings as optimal, and then the device independently controls the environment you need. This process will help you keep your bathhouse in proper condition. You just need to understand that the dehumidifier cannot be placed in the bathhouse itself, because the conditions are not at all intended for equipment! The dehumidifier is installed in the anteroom, near the exit from the steam room. You can read in more detail what a dehumidifier is.

Ventilation in a bathhouse is an essential aspect of any bathhouse, because it is the key to a healthy microclimate. Natural ventilation is most often arranged, but mechanical ventilation is absolutely necessary for the constant use of saunas or baths. But ventilation will not be able to fully optimize humidity levels. The use of ventilation and a dehumidifier will be an ideal tandem for a healthy microclimate in your “steam room”.

Any bath or sauna is a gift to our health! But if it shows signs of exposure to high humidity, wooden shelves and walls swell and collapse, wiring and metal parts rust, tiles become moldy and fall off, and the smell of dampness cannot be eliminated - this is a serious problem and must be dealt with decisively. There can be no talk of health in such a bathhouse. If you do not deal with dampness for a certain time, repairs will be required at significant costs.

What causes microclimate disturbances in the bathhouse?

Incorrect or unproductive ventilation in the bathhouse can lead to stagnant zones and accumulation of dampness, which allows the development of mold and mildew on the walls or on the wooden finishing of the bathhouse. An unprofessionally constructed bath structure, lack of waterproofing or insulation of the building’s foundation leads to cooling of the floors, the appearance of condensation and constant dampness. Mechanical ventilation did not work, the vents were closed, there was no air circulation - dampness and the ensuing “unhealthy” consequences were guaranteed to appear. Humidity level is not controlled during use and when the room is empty

It is important not only to monitor the moisture level, but also to constantly influence the optimal indicators. Without this, dampness will be a constant cause of problems.

How to remove dampness in a bathhouse

1.

Open all dampers and doors, ventilate all rooms of the bathhouse after use until completely dry. But this can be time-consuming and inconvenient if the bathhouse is used in winter, and is only suitable if it is used from time to time.

2.

Ventilation system. If there is forced ventilation, turn on the exhaust fan and ventilate the room to the desired hygrometer reading level. Check the cleanliness of ventilation ducts, remove debris and dust in places where fungus or mold may develop. Treat the channels with antiseptic agents.

The best way to spend time for your body and peace of mind in winter is in the steam room. But which one should you choose? How to set the temperature there correctly to really improve your health?

Standard rules for visiting the bathhouse

• You can go inside the sauna if an hour and a half has passed since eating;
• You should not steam if you feel unwell or have a high temperature;
• Smoking is strictly not allowed;
• It is worth removing metal objects. Then a person is not afraid of burns;
• It is not allowed to wash your hair inside the steam room;
• you should be calm and not move abruptly;
• You cannot visit the sauna on an empty stomach, or if you have been drinking alcohol;
• It's important to wait before going outside. The body should cool down and rest after all procedures;
• a broom can be used in relation to the steamed body;
• You should wash only after the steam room;
• Experts do not recommend sitting or lying down on the shelf located at the top from the very first time;
• If you are visiting for the first time, do not create a large amount of steam.

Mini sauna

Home saunas are quite popular because they offer the opportunity to visit at any time you wish. The mini-sauna has many modifications, so you can easily choose the right option. The design allows it to be disassembled and subsequently transported to a new location. It is possible to purchase a mini-sauna already fully equipped, so there will be no need for additional purchases. It has certain protection, decorative cladding and all the necessary equipment. Over time, the sauna in the house becomes an integral part of it.