Repairing a bathhouse inside with your own hands: types of replacements and repairs

Any structure becomes dilapidated over time, including a wooden steam room, so repairing a bathhouse with your own hands is a very pressing problem for many. It should be noted that there are quite a lot of such works, so we will have the opportunity to pay attention to only some of them, as related to each other.

Below we will look at ways to carry out some work, and also watch a thematic video in this article.

Repairing the floor in the bathhouse after replacing the lower crowns

Flooring repair

The floors in the bathhouse are made of boards 35–50 millimeters thick. Moreover, before installation, they are treated with special substances that increase resistance to moisture. The constant presence of water and temperature changes lead to the boards becoming unusable and requiring replacement. Bathroom floor repair is a top priority.

Repairing the floor in a bathhouse with your own hands must begin with assessing its condition. In most cases, restoration does not involve a complete replacement of the coating. All that is needed is to remove the boards that have begun to rot and replace them with new ones. The baseboard also needs to be replaced.

A complete replacement of the floor is carried out only if there is a need to redo the sewer system. For example, replace the pouring floor with another type of drainage. At the same time, boards that have not yet exhausted their resource can be reused. They, like new lumber, must be dried and treated with an antiseptic.

Heating restoration and modernization

The most important element of a bathhouse made of logs and any other building materials is the stove. If the bathhouse has not been used for a long period of time, then it is necessary to check its condition, clean the chimney and replace failed elements.

If necessary, a brick oven can be replaced with a metal boiler, purchased in a store or made by yourself. The advantages of the boiler are obvious:

firstly, it is more compact;
secondly, it has greater heat transfer;
thirdly, with a boiler it is much easier to arrange a heating and heat exchange system.

Of course, you can leave the oven on too. After checking its functionality, it must be painted with chalk or lime.

Preparation for repair work

Carrying out an audit of the current state of the bathhouse and identifying all existing breakdowns and malfunctions will help to correctly plan the necessary work, purchase exactly the materials that will be needed for repairs, and distribute the budget with maximum efficiency.

The audit is best carried out according to a pre-designed scheme. Typically this process is performed in the following sequence:

The outer walls are inspected and gaps between the logs of the log house are identified. In this case, it is especially recommended to inspect the corners of the log house, where damage is most likely, but sometimes not very noticeable.
A similar examination is carried out regarding internal walls.
Doors and windows are inspected. Subsequent operations do not directly affect the log house, but they are necessary when repairing a bathhouse.
The condition of the ceiling and roof is inspected. At the same time, you can assess the condition of the stove and chimney.
The condition of the flooring and drainage system is checked.

Ceiling and roof repair

If the time has come to repair the bathhouse, then you need to pay attention not only to the logs, floor and stove, but also to the ceiling and roof. Over time, they could begin to leak, including where the chimney pipe passes. The pipe penetration must be checked first. For the rest, you should rely on the current condition of the roof.

The ceiling should be additionally insulated, for example, with mineral wool. Near the chimney, the ceiling is insulated with non-flammable materials that can withstand high temperatures.

Furnace installation

The stove in the steam room can be installed in iron, brick or electric. The location for it should be chosen at the bathhouse design stage. The furnace firebox can be located both inside the steam room and outside it.

Installation procedure in a steam iron stove:

install the stove on a pre-prepared base;

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Base for installing the furnace

Furnace foundation - photo

they line it with bricks along the walls and inside the partition;

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Brick is laid between the walls of the furnace and the timber, the cracks are sealed with basalt cardboard

The walls near the stove are protected with refractory bricks

a metal passage for the chimney is installed in the opening on the ceiling;

Installed ceiling trim

a pipe and damper are installed on the stove, a tank is connected and a double-walled chimney is brought out through the ceiling, insulating it with non-combustible material;

Ceiling trim is fully insulated

a metal sheet with a hole through which the pipe passes is fixed on the roof.

Chimney passage through the roof

Installation of an electric heater

The electric oven is installed on a pre-prepared platform or hung on the wall using special brackets. It does not require installation of a chimney.

It is imperative to observe the distances specified in the instructions from the oven to the walls and shelves.

Types of jobs

Repairs can be of two types:

capital;
cosmetic.

Capital

Features of the overhaul:

Performed in cases of severe damage.
All decorative coatings must be replaced.
Old walls and partitions are dismantled and new ones are erected.
The stove equipment and chimney are completely replaced.
New communications are being laid - wiring, water supply pipeline, sewer drain.
Windows and doors are being replaced with new ones.

After a major overhaul, the appearance of the building and rooms will be different from the old decoration. Requires significant financial and labor investments.

The choice of materials for the interior decoration of the bath

When choosing building materials, it is important that they meet the following requirements:

Resistant to high temperatures and sudden changes.
Moisture resistance.
Safety - a person should not have an allergic reaction or burns upon contact with the material.
Environmental safety – absence of toxic substances.
Hygienic - the material should be easy to maintain and clean.
Long service life.
High strength and reliability.
Attractive appearance.

Steam room finishing

The best material for cladding a steam room is wood, but it is better to give preference to hardwood. The thing is that these types of wood do not heat up, you won’t get burned on them, there is no release of resins, and when ventilated, the material dries quickly, making the formation of fungus impossible.

Types of wood for finishing the steam room:

Aspen is a classic option for the northern regions of Russia, since the material is low in cost, due to its high strength it is difficult to split, and in addition, the wood has bactericidal properties.
Linden is an attractive material with a stable color and low heat capacity. Due to this, the tree quickly gains temperature and is safe to touch. Linden also creates a pleasant atmosphere due to its special aroma and has a low price.
Abash is a material that is just becoming popular, since it is wood from the African tropics and we still don’t know enough about it. It is best to make shelves from abasha that are resistant to steam and high temperatures, since they hardly heat up.
Alder is an attractive visually and tactile wood material that is resistant to steam room conditions. Easy to maintain and clean, low cost.

It must be remembered that wood should never be painted or varnished, since under the influence of high temperatures the coating will release harmful chemicals and odors. When finishing, nails and screws must be carefully hidden, as they heat up and can cause burns. Experts also recommend filling the lining vertically, because the water drains much faster this way.

Waterproof skirting boards will help protect the joint between the walls and the floor. For finishing the floor, it is best to use larch or tiles - the latter option is more preferable, as it is resistant to fungus and is easy to clean. If the tile seems cold, a wooden grate is placed on it, which can be easily removed if necessary.

Finishing the dressing room and sink

It is better not to use wood for lining the sink; preference is given to tiles, since in the shower there is constant contact with water. Ceramic tiles do not rot, they are easy to care for, and for an attractive appearance, you can choose special stylish tiles that imitate natural wood.

As for the dressing room, it is a warm and cozy place, but there are no high temperatures here, so it is allowed to use coniferous wood with a pleasant and healthy aroma.

Among the popular types of wood for finishing the dressing room are:

Pine is an attractive and durable material that has a long service life and is the most popular. During use, the wood may change color, becoming a little redder. Also popular is Scandinavian pine, which has a pink tint and annual rings that create a decorative pattern on the walls.
Spruce has a homogeneous structure; when dried, it remains solid and does not crack. The color scheme is slightly lighter than pine.
Fir is a tree that has properties similar to spruce, but practically does not emit resin.

Operating conditions

To begin with, it is necessary to clarify that in addition to being decorative, the interior decoration of the walls performs practical functions. First of all, the material used must have the ability to accumulate and retain thermal energy for a long time. This will not only create comfortable conditions, but spend less resources on heating it. An exception may be a traditional log bathhouse, where the walls are left unfinished.

Interior of a log bathhouse

Expert opinion: Masalsky A.V.

Editor of the “construction” category on the Stroyday.ru portal. Specialist in engineering systems and drainage.

It is important to understand that not every material is suitable for finishing a steam room. In addition to humidity, there is high temperature here. Panels made of chipboard and fibreboard emit toxins when heated, so it is better to immediately forget about this type of cladding. The same applies to linoleum, laminate and other materials based on synthetic substances. Wood has been and remains the most suitable option for interior decoration of a bathhouse.

Pine slats

To decorate the steam room, wood is used, which absorbs heat, accumulates it, but does not burn upon tactile contact. This wood is characterized by rapid drying, stability and resistance to microorganisms.

So, the material for interior wall decoration in a bathhouse should have the following properties:

Be non-flammable (if wood is used, it is treated with special compounds).
It should absorb and retain heat without getting hot.
Be moisture resistant.
Dry quickly.
Have a natural and environmentally friendly composition.

Some surfaces can be finished with more practical modern materials. For example, tiles. We'll talk about this later.

Alder has an even, smooth texture, a soft shade and a not very pronounced wood grain

How to make a new one from an old bathhouse

If there is an old bathhouse in the yard, restoration is easier than building a new building. A major overhaul involves replacing all damaged elements.

Reconstruction of an old bathhouse

They begin repairing an old bathhouse with their own hands by conducting a thorough inspection. The following building elements are inspected:

On the walls, check the condition of the cladding, vapor barrier, and insulation. In some places, areas will have to be opened to get to the crowns and assess their condition. Carefully check the bottom and corner joints.
The rotted lower crown of the bathhouse indicates problems with the foundation. The base is inspected for the presence of waterproofing. If during the inspection large cracks, subsidence or destruction of the foundation are revealed, the old bathhouse will have to be dismantled and rebuilt.
The condition of the bathhouse ceiling is assessed by cladding, vapor and thermal insulation. At the same time, the roof, roofing covering, and the condition of the chimney duct are inspected.
Doors and windows are checked for cracks. Wooden frames are deformed by changes in temperature and humidity.
The floor is subjected to a final inspection. They are trying to get to the drain, checking the functionality of the sewer system.

Finishing stages

Step-by-step finishing:

First you need to secure the bars around the perimeter of the ceiling and walls, then continue to secure the supports approximately every 90cm.
Cut the insulating material into suitable pieces and carefully place them in the sheathing; no need to compact them.
Cover the top with waterproofing material. Carefully seal the joints and corners with aluminum tape.
Create ventilation by nailing a spacer strip, which provides a gap of about three centimeters. Air circulation will pass through this gap.
In the meantime, you need to upholster the door and seal the window.
Cover the walls with clapboard. You should start work from the most visible corner. Gradually fix each lamella in a vertical position so that water can flow down freely. When the lining elements are arranged vertically, you need to mount them with the tenons facing up, so less water will get into the lock.
It is advisable to cut the slats exactly to size, measuring each subsequent element. This way there will be no gaps left along the perimeter of the walls, ceilings and corners. It is acceptable to leave gaps on the floor line.

Basic standards and requirements

On the other hand, in the serious business of construction one cannot do without norms and requirements. They are set out in SNiP 30-02-97, which determines that it is permissible to locate a bathhouse 8 meters from other buildings, and no closer than 15 meters from a neighbor’s house. The layout of the bathhouse must include at least three rooms, the area of each of which per visitor is:

dressing room – 2 m²;
washing room – 2.7 m²;
steam room – 3 m².

The height of the walls is 3.3 m.

In private buildings, the stated requirements are not always and not fully met. However, for newly constructed buildings, compliance with fire breaks of 8 and 15 m is not even a matter of good relations with regulatory authorities. This is a matter of safety for residents and neighbors.

Repair of a log house from the inside

First of all, it is necessary to carry out preparatory activities. After preparing all the tools and materials, all interior decoration is removed from the walls. If there is no intention to radically change the entire finish, then all materials are carefully inspected, those that remain in satisfactory condition are marked and stored for subsequent installation in their place.

After this, the logs are cleared of debris, several lower crowns are treated with some kind of antiseptic solution, which will prevent rotting and increase the service life of the log house. All cracks found during inspection are caulked, and maximum tightness should be achieved.

The repair could have been completed at this point, but it is recommended to carry out additional internal insulation, which will ensure better heat retention and undoubted cost savings by reducing the volume of fuel for the stove.

The optimal insulation material for this is mineral wool, applied directly to the logs of the log house. It is necessary to fix the foil-coated polymer on top of the insulation, with the foil inside the room.

The polymer is applied with a slight overlap, and the seam is covered with construction tape. For the final interior decoration, various materials can be used, but most often the finishing is carried out with pine lining (with the exception of the steam room).

Repair of a log house can be carried out independently without the involvement of specialists.

Thermal insulation of walls

Repairing baths is a labor-intensive process that requires a responsible approach. To repair an old log bathhouse, you need to carefully seal all the cracks and crevices that formed during operation. Thanks to this, the room will warm up much faster and retain heat longer.

As a rule, more cracks and crevices form on the outer parts of the wall.

This is due to the fact that they are a kind of boundary between different climatic conditions. You can seal cracks and crevices using a lot of building materials: from tow to polyurethane foam. The main thing is that any existing damage is thoroughly repaired.

Additionally, you can thermally insulate a log bath using standard insulation materials, for example, mineral wool or polystyrene foam. They can be placed under interior or exterior trim.

Repairing the foundation

The reasons requiring repair of the foundation of the building are the following:

violation of the geometry of the structure;
cracks that can lead to the collapse of the bathhouse;
destructive process of walls.

First of all, it is necessary to drain groundwater and rainwater using storm sewers, blind areas and a drainage system. Restoring the foundation of the bathhouse is carried out in several stages.

Freeing the interior from all its elements. Dismantling a brick stove.
Removing rotted or deformed lower crowns.
Raising the bathhouse structure using special jacks for log houses, without disturbing the geometry of the structure. They start lifting from one corner of the bathhouse to a small height, fixing it with bars, then the same actions must be done on the opposite side. With such manipulations, moving from corner to corner and placing supports under them, you need to raise the bathhouse 50 cm above the destroyed foundation.
Dismantling the previous foundation. Old concrete is broken with large crowbars and taken outside the bathhouse.
Digging a trench along the entire perimeter of the bathhouse in place of the old foundation, at the bottom of which a 7 cm layer of crushed stone and 5 cm thick sand is poured. They are compacted with special devices and filled with water. Sand must be added and compacted with a board with a handle screwed to it until the sand cushion reaches 15 cm.
Installation of wooden formwork (covered with thick polyethylene film) for subsequent pouring of the solution. Don’t forget to install plastic pipes across it, through which the space under the bathhouse floor will subsequently be ventilated.
Installation of a frame made of reinforcement.
Pouring the concrete mixture (preferably within one day, to avoid the formation of joints of concrete of different moisture content).

If the foundation is not completely destroyed, then the formwork is installed only in place of the dismantled damaged area. A partial filling is carried out, which is no different from the usual one. Sometimes, in order not to dismantle the old foundation of the bathhouse, which is a labor-intensive process, a concrete corset is installed, while:

dig an additional trench next to the foundation, 20 cm deeper than the old foundation, up to 30 cm wide;
they equip a sand cushion, formwork, a frame made of reinforcement and pour concrete.

After approximately 2–3 weeks, the formwork is removed and the resulting foundation is treated with coating waterproofing. A bathhouse is lowered onto it and repair work continues. Instead of the removed unusable crowns, a new log or beam is installed on top of the foundation; tow is laid between the joints.

Covering saunas and baths: what's the difference?

Bathhouses and saunas differ in humidity and temperature.

In the sauna, the air is dry with humidity up to 8% with a permissible temperature range of 80–140 degrees.

In the Russian steam room, high humidity is always maintained with an indicator of up to 70%. In this case, the maximum permissible temperature is up to 100 degrees.

This difference is due to the fact that moist air has greater thermal conductivity than dry air. Therefore, in a Russian steam room, the human body heats up faster and it is easier to breathe in it.

There are no restrictions on the choice of tree species for sauna cladding, with the exception of pine. Raw materials are less susceptible to moisture and therefore last longer. Installation method: vertical, horizontal.

For lining a Russian bathhouse, it is better to take lining made of alder, linden, abasha, and larch. The combination of several breeds at the same time looks beautiful. The installation method is predominantly horizontal.

We repair communications

When carrying out repair work in a bathhouse, it is necessary to check the lighting system, since water and electricity are bad neighbors. Old aluminum wiring must be replaced with wire with non-flammable insulation and copper conductors, designed to operate in conditions of high temperature and humidity. Sockets and switches should also be replaced.

It is important to know that they cannot be installed inside the steam room of the bathhouse.

If there is no water supply, the bathhouse should be connected to a water source

It is important to know that pipes are laid in the ground below the freezing level. If the building is not intended to be used in winter, care should be taken to drain the water from the system

This measure will protect the pipeline from defrosting.

For the bathhouse to function properly, you should check the serviceability of the drain, as it may become clogged. To prevent this from happening, special meshes are placed on the ends of the drain holes, which will let water through and trap debris. After each visit to the bathhouse, they must be cleaned.

Steam room insulation

It is necessary to approach the insulation of a bathhouse responsibly, because a warm bathhouse is actually needed in order to wash and steam in it with comfort and health benefits.

Making the bathhouse warm is the main task of the builders of this building.

At the construction stage of the bathhouse, special attention should be paid to the choice of insulation, so as not to experience problems with heat in the bathhouse in the future.

Ceiling

If the ceiling is poorly insulated, then the warm air rising upward (according to the laws of physics) will literally simply evaporate, thereby reducing the amount of heat in the room.

To create a warm ceiling, the following insulation materials are used:

Mineral wool. This is a durable and reliable material, but with one significant drawback - when wet, the thermal insulation decreases significantly.
Foil penotherm. The mirror surface of the material, due to its reflective ability, helps to retain heat and also speeds up the process of heating the bath.
Expanded clay. A thirty-centimeter layer of this material is laid as insulation; it retains heat well, but is much heavier compared to other insulation materials.
Pug. A layer of two centimeters laid on the ceiling is a folk way of creating a warm bath room.

Window and door openings

Tightness when installing windows and doors is the key to maintaining the optimal temperature in the bathhouse.

The use of modern materials does not interfere with the benefits of bath procedures

Double-glazed windows or well-fitted wooden doors and windows using sealant during installation are best suited for these purposes.

If the entrance door to the bathhouse is not insulated, then it will be cold in the dressing room and you can catch a cold after a hot procedure in the steam room.

Folk methods of insulating the front door:

thermal insulation of the door using seals;
installation of a second door;
hanging a blanket or thick curtain on the front door.

All these methods do not exclude the penetration of cold, frosty air into the dressing room. In winter, this can lead to frosting of the door and difficulty opening it.

A reliable, airtight door will help keep the bathhouse warm in the winter

You can reduce the amount of cold air entering the bathhouse by changing the design of the door - reducing its parameters. Another good option is to fit the front door frame exactly to the doorway, leaving no gaps or cracks.

When using a second door, the problem of freezing of the front door is eliminated, but another negative point arises - the accumulation of moisture between the doors. This problem can be solved by using not two different doors, but one two-chamber one. The temperature contrast that occurs when using hot bath procedures in winter eliminates the use of a two-chamber door, which you can build yourself from a board (inches), chipboard and insulation between them.

Insulation is also used in the conventional design of the entrance door. Extruded polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene, basalt insulation, staple fiberglass, foamed polyethylene foam are modern insulation materials that are used in the construction of baths. Be sure to take into account the flammability of these materials, their resistance to high temperatures and high humidity.

Floor

The gap between the subfloor and the main floor must be insulated, especially if the bathhouse is used in winter.

If the floor in a bathhouse that has already been built does not meet the required temperature parameters, then it must be dismantled and the space between the rough and finished floors must be filled with sawdust, expanded clay, mineral wool or other suitable insulation.

For a winter version of a bath, such a floor will be very useful.

Another possible solution to this problem is installing a floor heating system. This can be a water, infrared or electric design that allows you to heat the floor to a comfortable temperature.

When the drain in a bathhouse freezes, craftsmen advise using hot water with salt or an anti-freeze machine. There are other methods of dealing with frozen sewer pipes:

using a blowtorch or gas torch for metal pipes;
heating metal pipes with a welding machine, putting terminals on both ends of the pipe;
removing the ice plug by placing a smaller diameter hose in a plastic pipe and pouring hot water;
use of a steam generator (if available).

Bathhouse inside the house

Of course, it is not necessary to make major repairs and reconstruction of a large old house in order to equip a small bathhouse with a steam room

The situation when a bathhouse is built inside a residential building, wooden or stone, no matter, is becoming more and more common

To equip a bathhouse in an old house, you will only need funds to repair the wall insulation and remodel. If the building is too old, then it is best to immediately repair the foundation, since with the installation of a steam room, the load on the foundation will only increase.

The rest of the room can be used as living rooms or converted into a veranda or winter garden.

Lining in the steam room: vertically or horizontally

There are two ways to solve the problem of how to line a bathhouse with clapboard quickly and efficiently:

With horizontal planks;
With vertical slats.

With the horizontal method, the lining is installed parallel to the floor surface. In a vertical position - perpendicular to the floor.

The horizontal position more effectively protects the lining from water penetration. This ensures good ventilation of the space between the wall and the panels.

The choice of method affects the technology of work and the final cost of repairs. For lining the inside of a bathhouse, they prefer the horizontal method. In this case, the wooden panels are installed with the tenon facing up.

Useful tips: nuances of finishing work for a bath

The decoration of the relaxation room inside the bathhouse deserves special attention. Photos of interesting solutions can be found on the Internet.

The combination of stone and wood in the interior is especially appreciated

Knowledge of some installation subtleties will help to carry out high-quality finishing work:

in the steam room it is necessary to raise the floor level 16-25 cm above the washing room. This will prevent excess moisture from entering the steam room;
You should prefer edged or tongue-and-groove boards. Both options must be moisture resistant;
before cladding, all necessary communications must be carried out;
when installing benches and shelves, you should make sure that their edges are rounded;
no gaps are left between the boards.

The use of carved products will add personality to the room

Natural wood is used for interior decoration. The walls can be lined with clapboard, especially cedar. An original interior can be created using a block house. These are processed boards that imitate real timber.

Decorating walls with a block house requires precise calculations

Windows and doors should be small to reduce heat loss. Doors must be strong and thick. For internal cladding, boards without knots are selected.

With the right skill, you can create a stylish interior with your own hands.

You can make a beautiful decoration in the bathhouse with your own hands. If you choose high-quality material and follow all installation technologies, you can create a functional and original cladding.

General requirements for the characteristics of bathhouses

The wood in the steam room must be resistant to high temperatures.
The bathhouse, even a small one, is divided into 4 zones: treatment room - steam room or sauna, washing area, relaxation area - dressing room, possibly a swimming pool, technical area - toilet, transit area - corridor. The latter may be missing.

The bath project can be complemented by a guest room.

The finishing of the sauna and washing room is not exactly the same. It is better to consider the requirements separately.

Sauna – the air temperature here reaches +110 C, but the humidity is very low. The main requirement for cladding is temperature resistance and low thermal conductivity, otherwise the surface of walls and shelves will burn human skin.
Steam room - the temperature rarely exceeds +60 C, humidity, depending on the type of bath, varies from 80 to 100%. The finish must be resistant to steam, hot water, and temperature.
Washing room - the room temperature is not higher than a comfortable 28–30 C, the humidity level is quite high. But it is not specifically supported, but is only determined by the frequency of showering. It is better to line the washing area with materials that are as resistant to water and high humidity as possible.

The dressing room can be either a real relaxation area - a room with a table and a sofa, or a simple dressing room. There are no special requirements for finishing, but the room should look cozy.

The technical area includes a toilet and additional rooms that increase comfort: a firewood shed, storage for bath accessories and fixtures, and a locker room.

The corridor allows you to go to the dressing room or steam room. This area should not be neglected: a person leaving the steam room into the dressing room takes out moisture and lets steam into the room. A person coming in from the street creates a draft and lets in the cold.

Other repair places

So, if the basic elements of the bath are clear, then the question remains open with the smaller details.

It would not be superfluous to make repairs, or rather replace all electrical wiring in the bathhouse. Older buildings used aluminum wiring. It would be better to lay copper wires.

If there are electric heating devices in the bathhouse, then the cross-sectional area of the wire should be about 4 mm². If the wiring is used only to power ordinary light bulbs, then thin copper wires with a cross-sectional area of 2.5 mm² will suffice.

Diagram of a brick stove for a bathhouse.

Often the reason for the presence of cold air in the bathhouse is an old window or door

These elements also need to be paid attention to when renovating a bathhouse. It is best to remove the old jambs and install new ones, while insulating them

You should do the same with windows.

Insulation can be done with polystyrene foam, if the gaps between the frame and the wall are large, or with polyurethane foam, if such gaps are small enough. Door jambs can be insulated in the same way.

As for repairing bath furniture, there are no difficulties at all. The best furniture for a bathhouse would be furniture made of wood. However, wooden objects have one serious drawback - in a damp room they very quickly become unusable.

Now there are many special liquids that protect wood from rotting. Having made new benches and shelves, it is necessary to saturate them with this substance. Ordinary pinotex or some kind of antiseptic would be ideal.

It is important to know! An important element of any bathhouse is the wastewater removal system. In a bathhouse, as a rule, it consists of the floor itself and the drain hole

The floor slopes towards the drain pipe

In a bathhouse, as a rule, it consists of the floor itself and the drain hole. The floor slopes towards the drain pipe.

Very often, water stagnates on the floor surface precisely because of improper floor construction. In this case, the repair will involve laying a cement screed on the surface of the concrete floor, which will form a slope in the desired direction.

In addition, you need to clean the drain pipe. It often turns out that the drain pipe is simply not able to pass the amount of water consumed, which causes it to become clogged. In this case, it is recommended to replace the pipe with one that has a larger diameter.

At the entrance to the pipe, that is, inside the bathhouse, you need to install a mesh to prevent debris from getting inside the pipe. At the same time, it will be necessary to increase the volume of the drain well.

So, renovating a bathhouse is not difficult. It all depends on the scale of the repair. It is worth remembering that it is better to completely re-insulate an old bathhouse rather than filling up old holes.

If possible, it is recommended to completely replace the ceiling, floor, and roof. The same applies to the oven. Old stoves tended to emit large amounts of carbon dioxide, which, coupled with a clogged chimney, became dangerous to human life and health.

https://www.pogreemsya.ru/youtu.be/RoQ3EOXl1wM

Today, metal stoves are becoming very popular, which can continue to be heated even during washing without harm to health. Therefore, repairing a bathhouse may include a complete replacement of the stove.

Recommendations

Tips for partial renovations in a bathhouse:

It is important to clean your drain regularly. If it is metal, you can use a cable

Chemicals are used for plastic elements. It is recommended to replace aluminum wires with new ones made of copper. It is necessary to use wiring with a non-flammable layer of insulation. You can assemble the furniture yourself from wood. Door frames and frames should be replaced with new ones. Empty spaces must be filled with foam. When replacing flooring, you can install a heated floor system. Door handles need to be replaced with wooden ones. When arranging the floor in the washing room, you should create a slope towards the water drainage point. It is recommended to seal the slopes with foam plastic. When repairing a steam room, you need to cover all metal elements.

To check the integrity of the boards, you need to hit the element of interest with a hammer. If the sound is dull, the wood has begun to rot. In a similar way, you can check the status of the lag. To do this, you need to hit the nail driven into them with a hammer. If the sound is dull, the tree has rotted from the inside.

Over time, wooden surfaces in the bathhouse become unusable. This is due to constant temperature changes and increased humidity levels. To restore walls, ceilings, floors or various interior elements, you need to perform repair work. They can be major or cosmetic.

Reasons for the destruction of the foundation of the structure

There are many possible problems that may require repairs. Experts from all their masses highlight the impact of three factors: water, frost and negligence of builders.

Causes of foundation deformation:

Poor design or lack of drainage;
Low quality or incorrect choice of building materials;
Failure to comply with construction technology;
Loss of soil bearing capacity due to flooding or rising groundwater;
Incorrect reinforcement;
Formation of voids under the foundation due to its erosion;
Corrosion of materials as a result of their reaction with water, especially acidic water;
Distortion, subsidence or pushing out of entire sections of the foundation as a result of freezing of moisture in the ground, which is typical for heaving soils;
Incorrect placement depth.

Important! Active development taking place nearby can provoke deformation of even a well-constructed foundation.

Repairing damage

Repair of strip foundations after subsidence

The degree of damage to the base is determined by the beacons. If they do not crack, the subsidence has stopped. In this case, it is enough to drill holes with a diameter of 250 mm and a depth of 2.5 m in problem areas in 1 m increments. Then, if possible, remove a small volume of soil from under the foundation in these places. The holes and resulting voids are filled with concrete.

When the settling process continues, one of two methods can be applied:

Conventionally divide the entire foundation lengthwise into sections and build a completely new base step by step, going under the old structures;
Drill holes around the perimeter of the building to the depth of stable soils and fill them with concrete - this will compact the weak soil and stop subsidence.

Advice! Filling voids in dense soil with a solution is possible immediately. If the soil is loose and wet, a pipe with a diameter of 450 mm is placed under the foundation, through which liquid concrete is pumped until it stops flowing. Then half a meter is retreated from this place and the operation is repeated.

Subsidence of a columnar foundation

To strengthen the supports, a pipe is inserted into the ground to their lowest level at an angle of 35°, into which cement mortar is poured. When it stops being absorbed into the soil, the operation is interrupted for 1-2 days, after which everything is repeated twice with the same interval.

If, despite the measures taken, the bathhouse continues to settle, which is determined by the beacons:

A circular ditch of 200x350 mm is dug around the support, in which formwork from boards is installed;
Inside the pit, pins are placed between bricks and stones, to which a reinforcement mesh made from metal scraps is attached;
The formwork is filled with concrete mortar filled with crushed stone or gravel;
When strengthening adjacent or opposite foundation supports, it is necessary to place an additional beam between them, under the new “rings,” to increase the load-bearing capacity of the entire structure.

Roll of foundation pillars

On heaving soils, the foundation supports may eventually take on a non-vertical position, which can be corrected as follows:

The bathhouse is raised and fixed in a new position without dismantling windows and doors;
The leaning pillars of the base are dismantled;

Restoration of flooring

If an unpleasant smell of rot is heard from the underground, then the floor in the bathhouse needs to be changed. It is very difficult to determine the safety of boards externally; there are various methods for this.

Pierce the board with an awl. It will go into rotten wood very easily.
Hit the floorboards with a hammer. The appearance of a dull sound indicates the beginning of rotting.
Hit the nails with a hammer. A hollow sound also indicates rotting.

General scheme for repairing a floor in a bathhouse

In frame structures, damage can spread to the walls, so repairs should begin as soon as possible. If rotting of the floor in the bathhouse occurs in spots, then it is necessary to cut out the unusable boards and replace them with new ones, leveling the level with a plane.

In case of complete destruction, it is necessary to remove all boards, joists and crowns to which the floor was attached. To do this, the floor is raised with a jack and replaced with new parts. First, the embedded elements are attached, the logs are attached to them, and then the new flooring. To extend the life of the floor, it must be insulated. Foam plastic or penoplex is suitable for this.

Selection of wood species

Since it is better to use solid hardwood in a bathhouse, the owner of a thematic structure before covering it should pay attention to:

Oak;
Ash;
Birch;
Linden;
Aspen;
Alder.

The best options are linden and alder. Oak and ash wood is beautiful, but expensive. Solid birch smells good, but does not withstand excessive moisture. The remaining breeds are the “golden mean”.

Elimination of consequences of fires

If the most unpleasant thing does happen, the consequences of the fire must be eliminated.

However, such repairs are more labor-intensive, since they are not only complex, but also harmful to health. And to eliminate such a consequence of a fire as an unpleasant odor, you will need special cleaning products and equipment, because no home method can completely remove soot and odor.

During a fire, combustion products completely saturate the entire interior of the room. Therefore, it is best to start repairs as soon as possible. Staying in a room damaged by a fire is dangerous to health, so you can only carry out work there wearing a gas mask.

The restoration of the premises begins with all floors, furniture, walls and ceilings being thoroughly washed, then chemical treatment is carried out with special means that do not destroy the walls and furniture at all.

In addition, eliminating the consequences of a fire involves:

Disposal of damaged and irreparable interior items and furniture
Cleaning of soot and soot from all indoor surfaces
Carrying out chemical cleaning of walls, ceilings, furniture, and interior items to eliminate the smell of smoke
Restoring damaged electrical wiring
Restoration of the water supply system

For this you will need:

Special high-quality reagents that are designed for chemical cleaning and removal of burning odor
Chemical cleaning equipment: high-pressure washers, vacuum cleaners, single-disc machines or other similar repair equipment

In case of severe damage to interior finishing elements, as well as parts of walls, floors, ceilings, if there is no possibility of their restoration, the damaged elements should be completely dismantled and new ones made.

Timely and competent execution of repair work will allow not only you, but also your children and grandchildren to use the bathhouse for many years, and will also instill confidence in your strengths and capabilities!

Analysis of the state of the bath structure

At this stage, before restoring the bathhouse, you will need to identify all the defects that have arisen during operation, choose ways to eliminate them and draw up a list of repair work.

First, the walls are inspected. Check the quality of the insulation, whether cracks, cracks and other defects have appeared on the walls.
Next, inspect the foundation. If subsidence and significant cracks have formed in it, then in this case repairing the foundation may not be practical. The bathhouse will have to be dismantled.
Now you can inspect the ceiling, roof, chimney and stove. There should be no gaps in the ceiling and roof, and the insulation should be intact. The chimney and stove must also not have cracks, chips or other similar defects.
Windows and doors are inspected; they must be hermetically sealed; distortions and other damage are unacceptable.
There should be no fungus on the floors and walls inside the room, and the floor boards and partitions themselves should be checked for strength.
And finally, you need to check the condition of the bath drainage system, shelves and bath furniture.

Replacement of lining and insulation

Of all the interior spaces, the steam room and washing room are the most vulnerable. They are constantly exposed to high humidity and with improperly organized vapor barrier, wooden structures quickly collapse under the influence of fungus and mold.

This is what an insulated steam room looks like, using mineral wool in rolls with a foil layer.

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As a result of the violation of the integrity of the vapor barrier reflective layer, moisture constantly penetrated into the insulation fibers and accumulated there. The tree began to actively become moldy from constant contact with water. If the interior decoration had not been removed on time, then, after 3-4 years, the damage to the walls due to their accelerated rotting could have become irreparable.

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The new finishing layer was carried out according to all the rules - a wooden frame was installed on the walls, on top of which a foil vapor barrier on kraft paper was laid using a construction stapler.

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Installation of a vapor barrier requires covering all damage from staples with foil tape, and vapor barrier sheets must be laid with an overlap of at least 10 cm. The joints should also be sealed with vapor barrier tape.

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In this case, it was decided not to lay a thermal insulation layer so that it would not accumulate moisture, as in the previous version of the separation. However, if you are confident in the quality of the manufactured vapor barrier, mineral wool slabs can be placed in the wooden sheathing between the log wall and the vapor barrier. This will significantly speed up the heating process of the steam compartment.

As can be seen in the photo, the walls below were covered with a plinth made of cement-bonded particle boards. Porcelain tiles are glued onto the DSP sheets, which form one integral layer with the floor covering. If there was a wooden lining at the very bottom of the wall, it would soon begin to rot in the area of the base from regular contact with water. And the porcelain stoneware surface does not experience any problems under the influence of high humidity.

Ways to fasten the lining

Two types of fasteners are used for installation.

Kleimers

Safe type of installation. Doesn't damage the planks.

A clamp is a mounting bracket with 2-3 holes for self-tapping screws (nails or a construction stapler), which is placed on the lining tenon.

Having fixed the bracket on the tenon, it is attached to the sheathing beam. You need to start from the center, then move to the edges, maintaining verticality or horizontality. Claypers are used for laying lining on ceilings and walls. If necessary, it will be possible to dismantle several planks without damaging other elements of the bathhouse design.

Nails or screws

For the self-tapping screws, pre-drill a hole with a diameter slightly smaller than the size. Self-tapping screws are screwed into a tenon or groove at an angle of 45 degrees.

The nails are simply driven into the slats in the right places. To avoid rust on the surface, it is recommended to use copper or galvanized nails. But it is worth considering that they will cost twice as much as usual.

In any case, the cap will be flush with the bar. Places of fasteners are sanded and polished. There should be no burrs or defects left on the surface.

The disadvantage of through-mounting the slats is that the metal elements will gradually begin to rust, streaks will appear, or there is a risk of getting burned when heated.

Features of flooring

Experts recommend installing porcelain tiles with an anti-slip coating in the steam room, since this material meets all of the above requirements. To install it you will need to perform a number of sequential steps:

Build a sand cushion from crushed stone and sand;
Install a waterproofing layer;
Next is a thick layer of thermal insulation;
And finally, perform reinforcement followed by filling with screed.

In the remaining rooms of the internal structure of the bathhouse, it is still better to use wooden material, since cold, wet tiles are not the most pleasant covering for hot feet. Most suitable for the dressing room and rest room is larch board, which has moisture-resistant properties:

Similar to the previous option, a sand cushion is placed on the ground;
The perimeter of the room is surrounded by brick (concrete) supports, using a building level;
The supports are wrapped with waterproofing film;
A heat-insulating material (for example, expanded clay) is installed on the sand cushion;
Specially treated logs are installed on strong supports (for these purposes it is recommended to use large-sized wooden beams);
Thick tongue-and-groove larch boards are laid on top of the beams;

To decorate most of the interior spaces of a bathhouse, it is best to opt for natural wood.

Using self-tapping screws, baseboards are installed around the perimeter of the room; A panel of dense sheet metal must be installed in front of the combustion chamber so that fire sparks do not lead to a fire.

How and with what materials to decorate the pros and cons of natural and artificial

If a sauna or bath is considered, the most worthy materials are considered to be the following:

— lining;

- tile;

- stone.

Many people have a desire to use natural materials. The following advantages are noted:

- environmental friendliness;

- nice smell.

Minuses:

- scarce types of lining;

- a large percentage of defects.

There is a need to cover the bathhouse with artificial materials, it is also important to remember the advantages:

- high quality;

- durability.

Minuses:

- not a pleasant smell;

- cheap look.

Thus, natural and artificial options have many advantages and disadvantages.