Everyone knows how good and beneficial it is to visit a bathhouse or sauna. Here you will not just relax, you will be able to take a break from all your problems, forget about them for a while, chat with friends, drink green tea. While visiting such a facility, you can also improve your well-being, your condition in general, and get rid of some diseases. The sauna is a place where you become healthier and more energetic.
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Features of the Turkish bath (hamam)
The popular Turkish bath, or other “boorish”, is an effective type of steam room, which, although similar in purpose, differs in its operating principle. Among the main features of this type of steam room, it is necessary to highlight the reduced temperature regime. Inside, the room warms up to only 35-52 degrees. Humidity constantly remains between 90-95%.
The surface of the ceiling in a Turkish steam room always remains cool, which allows steam to settle on it and successfully transform into condensate. The hammam has several rooms: some are of technical importance, others are of bathing value.
Steam generation in Turkish baths Source etstur.com
The first group of premises includes those in which heating equipment is installed and various types of equipment are stored. It is in the utility block that steam is generated and delivered directly to the steam room through specially equipped channels. To make the steam room work more efficiently, they are now trying to use steam generators that supply heat evenly to the room. This ensures high-quality heating of the floor walls and beds.
Beds in the hammam, decorated with pixel tiles Source hot source45.rf
Tips for choosing material
Construction supermarkets offer a large selection of materials for finishing such a structure. Requirements for facing materials:
- moisture resistance;
- high strength;
- heat resistance.
Marble is best suited for interior decoration of a hammam.
Marble is expensive, but it also has a long service life
Marble is smooth to the touch, retains heat for a long time, is durable and can emphasize the status of the owner of a private home. A significant disadvantage of this material is its high cost. Soapstone is comparable to marble in price, but surpasses it in heat capacity. It can help reduce sudden temperature changes.
An affordable replacement for marble is tiles and small mosaics. Smalt is a fine-grained mosaic made of glass of different colors: it can be used to create beautiful exclusive canvases with oriental ornaments. The color of the material shimmers under different lighting angles.
Smalt finishing decorates the room: it can be used to lay out multi-colored panels on the walls
Smalt is produced in the form of plates or tiles ranging in size from 2 cm² to 4 cm², it can be rough and smooth, colored and colorless. Places on flat or curved surface. The main advantages of this finish:
- zero water absorption;
- frost resistance;
- heat resistance;
- unique color design of patterns.
There is only one drawback: laying out the mosaic is time-consuming. But on sale you can find ready-made mosaic panels that make the work easier.
The most affordable of all materials is ceramic tile. In addition, it is easy to install.
Ceramic tiles are easier and faster to lay than small mosaics
If you have no experience in decorating hammams, then it is recommended to choose a simple finishing method. It is not necessary to lay out a mosaic; you can buy tiles of a similar type and lay out the desired patterns. Some manufacturers have developed and launched Eastern series ceramics.
Video description
Bath, Hammam, Sauna - what's the difference?
The design of the steam room involves the organization of three internal rooms:
- locker room This small unit maintains a temperature of 32-40 degrees. Here the vacationer can leave his clothes. The tap in the room is of little importance, so things will not get wet. Often a shower stall is installed in this room, which can be used after steaming the body;
- steam room A room in which people actually steam. The air temperature reaches 42-55 degrees and above, and moist steam is supplied here, which a person physically feels. The air in the room can be scented using special oils that are beneficial for the respiratory system. The spacious hammams have additional rooms in which, if desired, you can increase the air temperature above 68 degrees;
- relaxation zone. This is the last room in which you can relax and unwind after visiting the steam room. This room is equipped with some furniture, chairs and a table, and dishes. The air in this room does not warm up above 30 degrees. Therefore, the steamed body is very comfortable here.
When arranging hammams, you can equip technical rooms with boilers, observing old traditions. The water boiling in them will supply steam through special passages into the steam room.
Foam massage performed in a hammam to cleanse the skin and normalize metabolism Source green.am
When to visit the hammam
A visit to the Turkish bath is justified in several of the following cases:
- effective care for facial skin and hair due to the expansion of pores;
- strengthening and improving the functioning of the cardiovascular system;
- rejuvenation;
- aromatherapy and the need to prepare for cosmetic procedures.
Thanks to the action of moist steam, the epidermis is moisturized and softened. As a result, dead particles are removed and the skin begins to breathe.
Important! A person does not sweat in a Turkish bath. Drops on the body are condensation formed under the influence of moisture-containing steam.
What and how are they built from?
From the point of view of construction, the Finnish sauna is most similar to a Russian bath: both are built of wood, the interior decoration is also made of wood. They have a separate room with a high temperature, where they stay for a short period of time: a steam room. There is a separate dedicated room for water procedures and another one for relaxation. In this, both the Russian bath and the Finnish sauna are similar.
Turkish hammam is a clay or stone (brick) structure, lined with different types of stone. Ideally it is marble, but any stone or ceramic tile will do. There is a dedicated dry changing room, and the rest is a vast hall with adjacent open rooms (without doors), where they wash and rest. There is another room in the hammam - a technical one - it contains a stove and a steam generator.
Finnish sauna
Features of the Finnish bath (sauna)
The Finnish bath, also known as a sauna, differs from the Turkish one in its operating principle and other features. Their main difference is the ability to generate steam that is too hot, but quite dry. It is noted that the air warms up in a steam room to 140 degrees, but the humidity level does not exceed 15%.
Wooden Finnish sauna with a firebox made of natural stone on wheels Source par-torg.com
Summary
There are some differences between a hammam and a sauna, but both options are quite popular. They fulfill one main goal - they improve overall well-being and prevent many diseases. In addition, people can gather here to spend pleasant free time, chat with friends, drink green tea and just relax. After all, sometimes you need to escape from that daily routine, stressful situations and just enjoy life. And the person himself chooses in which room to steam. After all, each option will have its own connoisseur.
You can order finishing for the hammam on our website or by calling: 8 (499) 110-97-56.
Video description
Finnish sauna: benefits and harms, contraindications.
When is it advisable to visit the sauna?
Construction of a sauna in the private sector will be justified if necessary:
- deoxidize the body, that is, remove toxins;
- get rid of stress and fatigue;
- increase performance;
- strengthen the immune system and vascular system;
- stabilize the function of the upper respiratory tract;
- eliminate overtraining (typical for athletes).
Regular stay in a Finnish sauna guarantees relief from chronic diseases of the respiratory system.
Sauna for relaxation and strengthening the immune system Source na-dache.pro
History of origin
Hamams took the best from Roman baths, acquiring an additional unique oriental flavor. The specifics of the Islamic way of life and culture, of course, could not but leave their mark on bathhouse traditions.
Baths in the culture of ancient peoples were not just a place for washing and performing hygiene procedures. Free citizens gathered in the baths for casual conversations, relaxation, entertainment and recreation. Representatives of various walks of life could meet there, and this is also the uniqueness of the bathhouses of the past.
All of the above fully applies to Turkish hammams. However, compared to the Roman baths, there was no place for openly obscene entertainment in the hammams; hammams were by no means frivolous entertainment establishments. All the features of their design served precisely to complete rest and relaxation.
Technical details
As has already been explained, a bathhouse differs from a sauna in its thermal regime. In a sauna, it is necessary to provide the highest quality air heating in order for it to be used effectively. For this purpose, stoves are installed in it, which quickly transfer heat. A metal casing is also installed, when air passes through it, it heats up. Then it hits the ceiling, is reflected from it and spreads throughout the entire area of the steam room. In saunas, the air is heated faster due to the active movement of warm masses.
Diagram depicting the movement of air masses in a sauna Source odstroy.ru
As for the hammam, a specialized steam generator is used to generate heat. Hot steam from it enters through the provided channels and exits into the room. At the same time, the walls warm up. The coolant comes out at a temperature of 100 degrees and it turns out very wet. In modern construction of a Turkish bath, heated seats and beds are used according to the principle of a warm floor. Under them there are pipes with water, which is heated from a boiler or general heating installed in the house.
Home sauna with bath and shower in different rooms Source waysi.ru
Historical summary
It is a mistake to believe that the ancestor of the bathhouse is Ancient Rus'.
History proves that steam rooms existed in ancient historical times among different nations. Each nationality modified and added new elements in creating their own steam room. A bathhouse called “hamam” was inherited from Turkey, which means heat source in Arabic. The forefathers of eastern “hot” places are considered to be Roman baths. Muslims believed that in steam rooms sinners were washed from evil spirits that consumed body, soul and mind.
The Finnish sauna has been known for many years. Since its origins, the steam room has undergone few changes. The main features and features have been preserved to this day. In Finland, visiting the steam room is considered a mandatory ritual, a centuries-old tradition that should not be neglected.
In Russia, for a long time, the construction of a house began with the construction of a steam room. In many European cities, there were cases when visiting the bathhouse was banned, but the Russian steam room was still held in high esteem and people did not stop visiting it.
Note to the builder
If someone has a desire to independently build such a structure for their own needs, it is important to know a few basic fundamental points about how the hammam works:
Attention! Hammam, what is it in terms of organizing lighting equipment. An important condition when organizing and arranging a lighting system is its distribution in space in several zones and levels. Then, due to the light filling of the room, it will be possible to very successfully play with various design solutions and finds. In addition, it is worth taking care of a waterproof version of the lighting equipment and the ability to operate from low voltage sources, for example, through a remote step-down transformer.
Roman bath
One of the most ancient types of baths. In fact, the baths are prototypes of Turkish hammams. These are also stone buildings with central heating and heated floors and walls. The modern Roman bath is distinguished by marble-clad rooms with heated marble loungers. The thermal bath was divided into separate rooms that had to be visited sequentially. They were called: caldarium, tepidarium, frigidarium.
The modern caldarium is a room decorated with ceramic tiles, heated floors and a large bathtub with water. Humidity in the caldarium is kept at 80-100%, temperature 37-45⁰С. The room is usually filled with the aromas of essential oils of healthy herbs and plants. Great importance is attached to design; caldariums are usually decorated in warm colors, with picturesque paintings from the life of Ancient Rome placed on the walls.
Tepidarium is a room with dry warm air. The temperature here, just like in the caldarium, is maintained at 37-45⁰C, but the humidity is much lower, only 30%. The tepidarium is equipped with marble beds and armchairs. Heating, as in all rooms of the Roman baths, is carried out from below. The tepidarium is comfortable for a fairly long stay. After visiting it, the body will require replenishment of moisture.
Frigidarium is a cool room with a swimming pool, where you go after visiting the tepidarium and caldarium to refresh and relax.
Source
Building a hammam yourself
You can build a hammam in almost any room of an apartment or private house; it is important that it meets all technical requirements. Equipment such as a steam generator, fragrance and light projector are installed in the dressing room.
To organize a hammam, you need to pay attention to the following points:
- The room must have a ventilation hood. To prevent moisture from entering the general ventilation system, an air dehumidifier should be installed in front of it. The ventilation valve must be open at all times.
- The sewerage system must be equipped with a drain with an odor-blocking device.
- A modern Turkish sauna is heated using a special steam generator.
- To heat the floor, walls and seats, water or electric heating is installed. It is better to choose a water one, as it is more profitable to use and from an economic point of view. It consists of small-diameter pipes laid in three independent circuits (for seats, floors, walls) with hot water moving through them.
- The room must be well insulated and waterproofed. The total pie of the walls together with insulation is approximately 7-15 cm. The pie includes mineral wool 5-10 cm thick, heat-reflecting insulation, a waterproofing layer, a heating system, plaster or cement screed for leveling the walls. Marble, ceramic tiles, mosaics made of marble, glass or ceramics are used as cladding.
- The operating temperature must be above 30°C. Heated surfaces must be turned on 6-8 hours before the procedure. The heating temperature should be set to 45°C. The steam generator is started 1-2 hours before the procedure.
- You should purchase a steam generator that will fit the parameters of the room. It has a built-in temperature sensor that turns it off if the room temperature becomes higher than the set temperature. The steam generator is also equipped with an automatic flushing system. The device is connected to centralized water supply and electricity. In private residential buildings it is connected to a separate circuit. This is done so as not to turn on the heating of the entire house during the warm season.
- For wiring, use only cables that can withstand high temperatures. For lighting, it is allowed to use only those lamps that are protected from moisture.
In Russia, the most common are steam generators produced by Tylo (Sweden), Helo (Finland), Harvia (Finland).
Tags: bathhouse, Russian, good
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Forge of Health
We seem to have figured out what a Turkish hammam is, now it’s worth assessing the positive impact that a hammam sauna has on the human body:
A word from Experienced! The question itself, what is a Turkish sauna, is very incorrect. The sauna, by its origin, is a product of distant and icy Finland and cannot be Turkish by definition. In Finland there is a sauna, in Turkey there is a hammam. Separates flies from cutlets, and wheat from chaff. If the text of the article uses the phrase “Turkish sauna”, then this is nothing more than an allegory.
Contraindications for taking procedures using hammam
As you know, there are no ideal things, therefore, in our case, there are a number of situations in which you should still refrain from going to this beautiful place:
